【雅思聽(tīng)力】麥當(dāng)勞召回史瑞克玻璃杯

經(jīng)濟(jì)成本：雖然對(duì)于單個(gè)消費(fèi)者來(lái)說(shuō)數(shù)量有限，但可以為公司制造巨大的非法利潤(rùn)；

社會(huì)成本：這樣的事件一經(jīng)曝光，會(huì)使公眾對(duì)于商業(yè)企業(yè)喪失信心；同時(shí)，受損失的往往是社會(huì)最底層的窮人。

結(jié)合此次事件，我們不難看出，Corporate Crime的主要?jiǎng)訖C(jī)，無(wú)非是減少成本，增加企業(yè)的利潤(rùn)。當(dāng)然，在出現(xiàn)危機(jī)之后，麥當(dāng)勞作為全球知名企業(yè)，其危機(jī)處理（crisis management）很得當(dāng)，第一時(shí)間發(fā)表聲明，承擔(dān)責(zé)任，全部召回（recall），并承諾退費(fèi)（refund）。

【背景常識(shí)】“麥當(dāng)勞召回史瑞克玻璃杯”這一事件的背后，是關(guān)于health and disease的基本常識(shí)。在此話題中，召回水杯的原因，是因?yàn)槠渲泻羞^(guò)量的重金屬鎘。那么鎘對(duì)于人體有什么樣的危害呢？我們一起來(lái)了解一下：

Hazards of a heavy metal

Cadmium is a soft, whitish metal that occurs naturally in soil. Most people get a microscopic dose of the heavy metal just by breathing and eating.

Without direct exposure, however, people usually don't experience its nasty side: cancer, kidneys that leak vital protein, bones that spontaneously snap.

Cadmium is particularly dangerous for children because growing bodies readily absorb substances, and cadmium accumulates in the kidneys for decades.

"Just small amounts of chemicals may radically alter development," said Dr. Robert O. Wright, a professor at Harvard University's medical school and school of public health. Recent research by Wright found that as cadmium exposure increased, kids were more likely to report learning disabilities.

【必殺詞匯】分析認(rèn)為，一旦雅思聽(tīng)力考到有關(guān)健康問(wèn)題而引起的產(chǎn)品召回事件，以下詞匯必然落入出題者的考察范圍之內(nèi)：

toxic 有毒的

cadmium 鎘

recall 召回

refund 退款

promotional campaign 宣傳活動(dòng)

depict 描繪

carcinogen 致癌物質(zhì)

exposure 暴露

bone softening 骨質(zhì)疏松

kidney腎

leach過(guò)濾

pigment 顏料

microscopic dose of 微量的

leak 漏

protein 蛋白質(zhì)

accumulate 累積

radically 徹底地，完全地

learning disabilities 學(xué)習(xí)障礙