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Jesse Ausubel on the Census of Marine Life, a count of all ocean life

EarthSky

The largest marine census ever conducted – that is, a count of every single organism living in Earth’s oceans –draws to a close in 2010. It’s called the Census of Marine Life. Renowned ocean researcher Jesse Ausubel serves as the project director. He said this Census has changed our understanding of life under the sea.

最大的海洋生物普查項(xiàng)目（即記錄生活在海洋中的每一種生物）已于2010年接近尾聲。該項(xiàng)目稱作“全球海洋生物普查計(jì)劃”。知名海洋研究者杰西?奧蘇貝爾是項(xiàng)目主管。他說這次普查改變了我們對海洋生命的認(rèn)識。

Jesse Ausubel: The total number of marine microbes known and described when the census began a bit more than a decade ago was only about 5,000. And, now, we have DNA sequences for hundreds of thousands.

杰西?奧蘇貝爾：普查項(xiàng)目剛開始時，我們了解和記錄的海洋微生物大概只有5000多種，僅比10年前多一點(diǎn)點(diǎn)，但如今，我們已經(jīng)得到了數(shù)十萬種海洋微生物的基因序列。

He said experts have used a combination of DNA analysis and video, acoustic and cell phone technology to figure out what’s living where, in the sea.

他說，專家們綜合使用DNA分析、視頻、水聲及手機(jī)等技術(shù)定位各種海洋生物所在海域。

Jesse Ausubel : We’ve covered a lot of the world. We haven’t covered everyplace, but we have produced what we call a new biogeography of the oceans. It’s like neighborhoods.

杰西?奧蘇貝爾：我們評估全球大部分的海域，不是所有的海域，但我們已經(jīng)繪制海洋生物地理學(xué)的新藍(lán)圖，它有點(diǎn)類似社區(qū)體系。

Ausubel listed things his Census has help uncover, such as the location of the hottest ocean vent, and the status of herring as the world’s most widely distributed fish. He said the Census has identified more than 200 thousand different named marine species -from plankton to minnows to sharks. He said that there are still more than a million forms of complex ocean life yet to be discovered.

奧蘇貝爾列舉了一些該項(xiàng)普查的新發(fā)現(xiàn)，如找到了最熱深海噴泉的所在地，確定了青魚是世界上分布最廣的魚類。他說，普查已經(jīng)記錄了20多萬種形態(tài)各異的海洋生物——包括浮游生物、小魚類和鯊魚類生物，但另外100多萬種復(fù)雜的海洋生物仍有待發(fā)現(xiàn)。

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