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Reid Ewing on how to create more walkable cities

EarthSky

Most American cities have traffic congestion, and gasoline is expensive. People would drive less if the centers of cities were more developed, according to a 2010 analysis led by urban planner Reid Ewing of the University of Utah.

美國大多數(shù)城市的交通都很擁擠，汽油價格也貴。猶他大學(xué)城市規(guī)劃設(shè)計師里德?尤因2010年所作的分析表明，如果市中心得到進(jìn)一步發(fā)展，人們駕車的里程數(shù)會減少。

Reid Ewing: Almost any development at the center of a metropolitan area is better from a travel standpoint than having dense development on the fringe.

里德?尤因：與其集中發(fā)展城市周邊地區(qū)，還不如發(fā)展城市中心區(qū)，這樣更有利于改善城市交通。

Ewing’s team analyzed the results of 60 previous studies to confirm that the number of miles people travel in their own vehicles is strongly related to the accessibility of the places they want to go, like jobs, schools and grocery stores.

尤因的團(tuán)隊分析了此前的60個研究成果，得到的結(jié)論是：人們駕車的里程數(shù)和他們能否方便抵達(dá)工作、上學(xué)及購物的場所密切相關(guān)。

Reid Ewing: Planners had been advocating the D’s – density, diversity, design – but they weren’t able to say just how much difference it would make in people’s driving, walking and transit use. And that’s what we did.

里德?尤因：城市規(guī)劃師提倡3D原則——密度(density),多樣性(diversity)、合理的設(shè)計(design)。但他們也說不清楚該原則的實施對人們駕車、步行及交通利用等方面產(chǎn)生多大影響。我們所作的研究就是搞清楚這一點。

So accessibility of jobs, schools and stores – not just density of people – encourages less driving, according to the study. Ewing also said wide sidewalks and short blocks encourage people to go places on foot more often.

研究表明，如果人們能方便抵達(dá)上班、上學(xué)及購物的場所，就會少開車。尤因還說，擴(kuò)寬人行橫道、縮短街區(qū)距離等措施能促使人們選擇步行的方式去想去的場所。

Reid Ewing: People will generally see a more livable urban environment, one where you want to be on foot, rather than one where you’re only comfortable being in your car.

里德?尤因：人們將體會到一種更舒適的城市生活環(huán)境，在這里，你更喜歡步行，而不是駕車。

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