Warren Buffet’s 10 Rules
股神巴菲特十大致富秘籍
Today I had lunch at Jimmy John’s and noticed a sign on the wall that showed Warren Buffet’s list of 10 Rules. I was so moved by it that I had to change tables in the middle of my sandwich just to get a closer look. Is it any wonder that he is one of the richest men in the world?
今天我在吉姆約翰餐廳吃中飯,注意到墻上寫的“股神巴菲特十大致富秘籍”。我真是被那些規(guī)則觸動(dòng)了,三明治吃到一半,我特意換了桌子離它近點(diǎn)兒好看清楚。(了解之后)我想不會(huì)有人質(zhì)疑為什么他會(huì)是全世界最富有的人。
1.
Reinvest your profits. “Even a small sum can turn into great wealth,” Schroeder writes, if you’re disciplined to not touch your profits. Let the power of compound interest work for you.
1. 把你現(xiàn)有的財(cái)富做再投資。就像史諾德寫到過(guò)的那樣:“再小的資金也能變成大財(cái)富”——只要你管好自己不亂花賺來(lái)的錢。要讓復(fù)利(compound interest)幫你賺錢。
滬江小編注:什么是復(fù)利?
指利息計(jì)算的基礎(chǔ)是本金加先前累積的利息,與單利相對(duì),后者指利息只以初始本金為計(jì)算基礎(chǔ)?!鞍茨陱?fù)利”(compounding annually)是指當(dāng)年利息只在一年結(jié)束時(shí)一次性納入下一年的計(jì)息基礎(chǔ)。例如,如果存入100英鎊,年利率為10%,那幺一年后可獲得110英鎊。如果按單利方式計(jì)算,兩年后可獲得120英鎊,三年后則是130英鎊,而復(fù)利計(jì)算則將上年的利息亦納入計(jì)息基礎(chǔ),即兩年后可得121英鎊,三年后則是 133.10英鎊。相對(duì)于單利方式,三年后額外的3.10英鎊利息即是復(fù)利作用的結(jié)果。
2. Be willing to be different. Don’t follow the herd. Do what is best for you and your situation.
2. 要愿意與眾不同,把自己區(qū)別于蕓蕓眾生。做對(duì)自己和自己的處境有利的事兒。
3. Never suck your thumb. Ah, how I could learn from this one. Buffett makes decisions quickly based on the available information. I tend to sit and stew about things. Acting decisively can give you an advantage and prevent procrastination.
3. 永遠(yuǎn)都別吮手指。額……這個(gè)該如何理解呢?巴菲特會(huì)根據(jù)已有的信息很快做出決定。我則傾向于坐下來(lái)、好好把事情理清楚。果斷地做決定能夠給你優(yōu)勢(shì)位置、并避免耽擱事情。
4. Spell out the deal before you start. I stress this all the time: Don’t sign a contract unless you’ve read it (especially not a mortgage). Read the fine print. Understand what you’re getting yourself into.
4. 在做交易以前一定要搞明白了。我成天為這事兒煩呢:在簽合同以前一定要好好讀清楚(特別當(dāng)合同不是分期付款時(shí))。條款一點(diǎn)一點(diǎn)讀清楚,要知道自己正要做什么。
5. Watch small expenses. While it’s true that the big things matter, the little things do too.
Frugality is an important part of personal finance. But this principle also applies when investing, which is one reason I’m a fan of low-cost index funds.
5. 小開(kāi)銷也要謹(jǐn)慎。大事兒要緊這沒(méi)錯(cuò),但小事兒同樣也是的。節(jié)儉對(duì)個(gè)人理財(cái)來(lái)說(shuō)是重要的一環(huán)。這個(gè)原則對(duì)于投資同樣適用,這也是為什么我喜歡低成本指數(shù)基金的原因。
滬江小編注:什么是指數(shù)基金(Index fund)?
指數(shù)基金是消極管理投資基金的主要形式,有時(shí)候被用來(lái)指代所有的消極管理投資基金。從廣義上講,ETF(交易所交易基金)也屬于指數(shù)基金。
指數(shù)基金的投資理念是在證券市場(chǎng)上選定一部分符合條件的證券,這些證券可以通過(guò)客觀標(biāo)準(zhǔn)(如總資本,總股本,成交量,主營(yíng)業(yè)務(wù))選定,也可以通過(guò)主觀標(biāo)準(zhǔn)(如成長(zhǎng)性,被市場(chǎng)低估的程度)選定;被選定的證券共同構(gòu)成一個(gè)指數(shù),每一個(gè)證券都擁有一個(gè)確定的權(quán)重(即該證券在整個(gè)投資組合中所佔(zhàn)的比例),指數(shù)基金經(jīng)理按照這個(gè)指數(shù)購(gòu)買證券,建立一個(gè)與指數(shù)完全相同或基本相同的投資組合,這樣就創(chuàng)造了一隻指數(shù)基金。
若投資指數(shù)基金做消極投資,主要是挑目標(biāo)指數(shù)有可投資性的和跟蹤誤差小的,不必過(guò)分看中一時(shí)的收益。