【雅思閱讀】猜詞技巧的應(yīng)用
在復(fù)述中構(gòu)成同位關(guān)系的兩部分之間多用逗號連接,有時也使用破折號,冒號,分號,引號,和括號等。
Capacitance, or the ability to store electric charge, is one of the most common characteristics of electronic circuits.
由同位語我們很快猜出生詞capacitance詞義---電容量。
在此提醒考生們需要注意的是:同位語前還常有or, similarly, that is to say, in other words, namely, or other, say i. e. 等副詞或短語出現(xiàn)。
定語從句 Krabacber suffers from SAD, which is short for seasonal affective disorder, a syndrome characterized by severe seasonal mood swings.
根據(jù)生詞SAD后面定語從句which is short for seasonal affective disorder和同位語a syndrome characterized by severe seasonal mood swings, 我們可以推斷出 SAD含義,即“季節(jié)性情緒紊亂癥”。
又如原文:The dominant idea, raised by 64% of the pupils, was that rainforests provide animals with habitats. 對于dominant 詞義的猜測可以通過后面復(fù)述的64% 猜出,為:多數(shù)的,起到控制作用的。
3、根據(jù)舉例猜測詞義
恰當(dāng)?shù)呐e例能夠提供猜測生詞的重要線索,例如:The consequences of epochal events such as wars and great scientific discoveries are not confined to a small geographical area as they were in the past.
句中“戰(zhàn)爭”和“重大科學(xué)發(fā)現(xiàn)”是生詞的實(shí)例,通過它們我們可以猜出epochal的大致詞義“重要的”,這與其確切含義“劃時代的”十分接近。
再比如下列原文:She also claims that those who think the more intense the exercise the better are wrong. Many benefits of exercise – reducing the risk of hypertension, heart disease, diabetes and cancers – can be achieved form any level of activity.
借助同時并列出現(xiàn)的cancers 的意思,可以猜測到上述hypertension 和diabetes也是和疾病相關(guān)的單詞,雖然不一定能借助cancer 猜到兩個單詞的意思分別為“高血壓”和“糖尿病”,但對于解題已經(jīng)足矣。
4、根據(jù)單詞結(jié)構(gòu)猜測詞義
英文的單詞結(jié)構(gòu)本身極具特點(diǎn),細(xì)心觀察單詞,有望通過其本身結(jié)構(gòu)破解詞義。如:These misconceptions do not remain isolated but become incorporated into a multifaceted, but organized, conceptual framework, making it and the component ideas, some of which are erroneous, more robust but also accessible to modification.
對于文中multifaceted 詞義的猜測就可以借助其本身的構(gòu)詞特點(diǎn)來完成。籍由multi- (多元的) 和 faceted (平面的),可知該詞的意思為:多面的。
那么,作為教師而言,如何能將猜詞技巧貫穿于教學(xué)中,真正起到優(yōu)化考生成績的作用呢?分析認(rèn)為做到下列三方面,能達(dá)成這樣的目標(biāo)。
首先,培養(yǎng)良好習(xí)慣。 養(yǎng)成做真題時脫離字典的習(xí)慣。課堂上學(xué)員隨時使用詞典已經(jīng)越來越普遍,雖然這樣做快速解答了學(xué)生在單詞方面的疑惑,但長期使用抹殺了我們大腦本身具備的猜詞能力,而缺乏了大腦在猜測過程中的struggle,即便日后進(jìn)行了單詞的記憶,也沒有在當(dāng)時第一時間進(jìn)行struggle 后來得更加記憶深刻。
其次,設(shè)定針對性的單詞練習(xí)。取一些與真題文章極為接近的題源文章的相關(guān)片段,進(jìn)行專門的詞匯練習(xí)。建議下載www. 或 的相關(guān)片段,相似程度高且簡便易行。
最后,貫穿于復(fù)習(xí)中。教師在授課中也可以經(jīng)常有意識地創(chuàng)造一些機(jī)會,加強(qiáng)練習(xí),使學(xué)生形成強(qiáng)烈的意識,主動地參與練習(xí)。