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詼諧的語(yǔ)言，生動(dòng)的內(nèi)容一分鐘快速掌握科技最新動(dòng)態(tài)

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Brain Hears Just by Seeing

When my toddler hears a strange noise, he’ll say, “Mom, what does that sound look like?” His amusing phrasing innocently mixes sight and sound. But now a study in the journal Nature Neuroscience suggests that the brain actually links the audio with the visual. Because simply seeing a vase shatter activates the part of the brain that handles sound.

還在踉蹌學(xué)步的孩子聽(tīng)到奇怪的聲音就會(huì)問(wèn)：“媽媽，那個(gè)聲音長(zhǎng)什么樣？”聽(tīng)著覺(jué)得好笑，因?yàn)樗崖曇艉蛨D像混起來(lái)了。不過(guò)，《自然-神經(jīng)科學(xué)》上的一篇研究表明，正如看到花瓶碎片，刺激腦部處理聲音信息的部分就會(huì)受到刺激，聲音和圖像信息在處理過(guò)程中是密不可分的。

If I asked you to imagine a rooster crowing, you’d probably hear the [audio of rooster crowing] in your head. But what’s happening in your brain? We know which brain regions handle sound waves that come in through your ears. Are the same areas active when you simply imagine the sound?

假如讓你想象公雞啼叫的畫(huà)面，你腦海中很可能也會(huì)出現(xiàn)它啼叫的聲音。這個(gè)時(shí)候你的腦袋里到底發(fā)生了什么呢？我們知道大腦某個(gè)區(qū)域會(huì)處理耳朵接收到的聲波，那在想象聲音的時(shí)候也是這塊區(qū)域在起作用嗎？

Scientists [Antonio Damasio et al.] placed volunteers in an MRI scanner and showed them a series of nine silent videos. The clips showed things like the breaking vase, a cow mooing or a violin being played. And in the subjects’ brains, the auditory cortex—which handles sounds—was not only activated by the sights, but it would categorize them. So the patterns of activity that represent a howling dog and a chainsaw were distinct.

科學(xué)家們讓志愿者們觀看9段無(wú)聲視頻，并對(duì)他們進(jìn)行核磁共振掃描。它們觀看的視頻中包括碎花瓶、公雞啼叫、小提琴演奏等類似內(nèi)容。掃描儀顯示，這些志愿者們大腦中處理聲音信息的聽(tīng)覺(jué)皮層不僅會(huì)受到圖像刺激，而且還會(huì)對(duì)圖像進(jìn)行分類。因此，在看到狗吠和鏈鋸切割的時(shí)候，聽(tīng)覺(jué)皮層的受刺激形式是截然不同的。

That means that Hamlet could hear the difference between a hawk and a handsaw—even if he only saw them.

這就是為什么哈姆雷特即使只是看到蒼鷹和白鷺也能“聽(tīng)”出它們的差別。

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