很多考生認(rèn)為雅思聽力考試的第一部分和第三部分都是屬于對話性質(zhì)的文體,但事實上,聽力考試的第三部分被稱作discussion才更為準(zhǔn)確。從做題的情況來看,大部分考生在第三部分發(fā)揮的效果不好,正確率性對于前兩個section也偏低。一方面是因為考生聽到第三部分時已經(jīng)有點疲憊,精力無法集中,另一方面是因為考生并沒有熟練掌握section 3的考試特點,只是簡單地把這一部分當(dāng)作對話來復(fù)習(xí)。在本文中,專家將從section 3自身特點出發(fā),給眾多考生一些應(yīng)對的策略和方法。

一、section 1 和 section 3 的辨析

嚴(yán)格意義上來講,section 1是一個conversation,而section 3是一個discussion。這兩個部分的說話方式有著很大的區(qū)別。前者是一問一答,后者是互問互答。

原創(chuàng)范例:

Conversation: (一問一答)

Tom: Are you going to go to Australia?

Mary: yes, but after taking the IELTS exam.

Discussion: (互問互答)

Tom: Are you going to go to Australia?

Mary: yes, have you been there before?

Tom: No, but I read a few books and magazines about the country. Why do you want to go there?

從上面的兩個例子中我們可以看出,對話的問和答的對象都是相對固定的,但是討論的問和答的對象卻時時更換。這就需要考生看清卷面的題目,以免聽錯對象做錯題。

二、人稱定位

通常情況下,雅思聽力section 3的部分題目在卷面上會有人名或者是表示人身份的詞出現(xiàn),比如人名Jason, 教授Professor。因此,遇到此類題目時,考生最好用筆劃出,明確此題目的說話人,這樣才不會做錯題目,才不會掉到考官給考生設(shè)置的陷阱里。

舉例:

Cambridge 6 Test 1 Q21

What is Brian going to do before the cousre starts ?

A attend a class

B write a report

C read a book

原文:

Tutor: Hello. Can I help you?

Brian: I was told to come here because I like to talk to someone about taking a management course.

Tutor: Right, I am one of the tutors, so I could help you.

Brian: Ok, my name is Brian; I have decided to enroll a part-time management curse. A friend of mine took one last year, and recommended to me.

Tutor: Right.

Brian: Is there anything I should do before the course, like reading or anything?

Tutor: We prefer to integrate reading with the course, so we don’t give out reading list in advance, but we like people to write a case study, describing an organization they know.

Brian: I have already done that as my friend told me you wanted one. But would it be possible to sit around in teaching session to see what is like? I haven’t been a student for a quite while.

解析:本題的答案為A。在做這道題目時首先要把人名Brian劃出,確定在課程開始之前是這個Brian要做什么。把人稱定位好以后,在考生聽題的時候,就要注意錄音中Brian這個男生,凡是女生說的話我們都可以不做答案的參考內(nèi)容。因此在錄音中提到的reading,case study就不會形成干擾。同樣地,在Cambridge 5 Test 2 Secton 3和 Test 4 Section 3, Cambridge7 Test 1 Section 3和 Test 3 Section 3等劍橋題目中存在著相同的特點。

三、無人稱定位

顧名思義,無人稱定位是指在section 3中的卷面題目中沒有指定的人稱,通常是以兩方或三方說話人討論的主題點作為題目。應(yīng)對此類題目的方法與做section 2和section 4 的方法類似——先尋找關(guān)鍵詞,然后根據(jù)所劃關(guān)鍵詞找到答案。但是,在尋找答案的過程中,專家提醒各位考生,要注意信息的確認(rèn)與信息的對方更正。

舉例:

原文:

Julie: We also need statistics on different things.

Trevor: Literacy rates

Julie: Yes, school places

Trevor: How about the encyclopedia?

Julie: Not up-to-date enough!

Trevor: Why don’t we call the embassy?

Julie: Someone’s enthusiastic!

Trevor: Well, if something’s worth doing

Julie: I know, it’s worth doing well…OK

Trevor: We can find out statistics on school places from them as well.

Julie: Might as well

解析:從上述原文中,我們不難看出,考官在這兩道題目中給考生做了不少“絆腳石”,方框內(nèi)的文字和紅色文字的對比,充分地體現(xiàn)了在聽力考試第三部分中的信息確認(rèn)與更換的這個特點,事實上,考生在聽題的過程中還能感受到信息確認(rèn)與更換的速度也是快的讓一部分考生“透不過氣來”。所以,若考生在做題之前看到section 3的卷面做到心中有數(shù),這樣對于成績的提高是非常有幫助的。

四、角色搭配

角色分配有利于考生在對聽力考試第三部分的審題和聽題中更好地把握錄音內(nèi)容的分配及說話思路。詳見下面的表格:

本文對雅思聽力section 3的考試特點進(jìn)行了分析,希望廣大考生能在了解這一部分考試特點的前提下,再結(jié)合自身的聽力水平在考場上發(fā)揮得更好,取得優(yōu)異的成績!