Under normal circumstances, each of your brain cells allows various substances, such as sodium, calcium and potassium to permeate its outer cell membrane.
在正常情況下，大腦細(xì)胞允許鈉，鈣，鉀等物質(zhì)通過(guò)外層細(xì)胞膜。

Once inside the brain cell, these substances help give the cell stimulus it needs to function properly. Then they leave the cell and allow another set of these substances to begin the cycle again.
進(jìn)入腦細(xì)胞后，這些物質(zhì)能夠通過(guò)給腦細(xì)胞提供必要的刺激來(lái)幫助腦細(xì)胞正常運(yùn)作。然后它們離開(kāi)細(xì)胞，讓新的一組物質(zhì)取而代之，開(kāi)始新的循環(huán)。

The millions of cells that make up your brain are continually allowing these substances to penetrate their membranes and then expelling these same substances later. All of this action allows the brain to interpret and transport messages.
數(shù)以百萬(wàn)計(jì)的腦細(xì)胞不斷地讓這些物質(zhì)穿過(guò)細(xì)胞膜，之后又將它們排放出去。所有的這些過(guò)程都能幫助大腦處理和傳輸信息。

Alcohol consumption prevents sodium from being able to cross brain cell membranes. Once even this part of the cycle breaks down, brain functions become impaired.
酒精能阻止鈉進(jìn)入腦細(xì)胞膜。一旦這部分循環(huán)停滯了，腦功能就會(huì)受損。

You can notice the affects of this break down after a single drink. Even if you’ve had just one drink, your ability to respond to stimulus decreases and your reaction time slows down.
這個(gè)循環(huán)的停滯會(huì)造成多大危害呢？喝過(guò)一次酒后你就能注意到。即使你剛喝一杯，你對(duì)刺激的反應(yīng)能力就會(huì)下降，你的反應(yīng)就會(huì)變慢。

If you’re driving, you might see a car stop, and know that you need to slam on the brakes, but the pathway in your brain that processes this information and causes you to respond to it will be working in slow motion.
如果你在開(kāi)車(chē)，你可能看到一輛車(chē)停下了，而且你知道這時(shí)你需要急剎車(chē)。但是，大腦中處理信息，讓你對(duì)此作出反應(yīng)的神經(jīng)中樞卻在短路。


new words:

sodium:鈉
calcium:鈣
potassium:鉀
cell membrane:細(xì)胞膜
slam:猛烈抨擊;使勁一推

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