我們知道，在英文中，不定式to do 可以作名詞的后置修飾語(yǔ)，構(gòu)成三種搭配關(guān)系：主—?jiǎng)雨P(guān)系、動(dòng)—賓關(guān)系和同位關(guān)系。其實(shí)，作名詞的后置修飾語(yǔ)，除了用to do，還可以用“介詞+doing”的形式。

一、名詞+to do

??? 有些名詞，其后的修飾語(yǔ)一般用to do。這些名詞有：ability, agreement, ambition, anxiety, curiosity, disposition, mind, obligation, permission, refusal, reluctance, temptation, tendency和wish等。

? They have no ability to win the game. 他們沒(méi)能力贏得這場(chǎng)比賽。

? We have signed an agreement to rent the house. 我們已簽下了租房協(xié)議。

? She is under no obligation to buy anything for him. 她沒(méi)必要給他買東西。

? Wood has a tendency to swell if it gets wet. 木材遇潮易脹。

二、名詞+介詞+doing

?? ?有些名詞，其后通常接“介詞+-ing分詞”作后置修飾語(yǔ)，而一般不接to do，例如：aptitude, delay, difficulty, excuse, experience, interest, genius, habit, hope, idea, method, movie, object, passion, plan, possibility, skill和success。

? The little boy has a great aptitude?for?finding something new. 這個(gè)小男孩有發(fā)現(xiàn)新奇事物的才能。

? Miss Yang has much experience?in teaching English. 楊老師在英語(yǔ)教學(xué)方面經(jīng)驗(yàn)豐富。

? He has little hope of passing the exam. 他沒(méi)有希望通過(guò)考試。

? We must improve the method of teaching English. 我們必須改善英語(yǔ)教學(xué)的方法。

三、“名詞+to do”和“名詞+介詞+doing”

??? 除了以上兩種情況所介紹的名詞外，還有一些名詞，后面接“名詞+to do”和“名詞+介詞+doing”兩種形式皆可以，意義上也無(wú)區(qū)別。如：attempt, chance, effort, freedom, intention, necessity, opportunity, reason, time和way。

? Although they had made an effort to finish the task, they failed at last.

=Although they had made an effort at finishing the task, they failed at last.

??盡管他們已盡力完成任務(wù)，最終還是失敗了。

? There is no necessity to buy so many things.

=There is no necessity of buying so many things. 沒(méi)必要買這么多東西。

? I hope that I can have the opportunity to speak to you alone.

=I hope that I can have the opportunity of speaking to you alone.

? 我希望可以有機(jī)會(huì)跟你單獨(dú)聊聊。