通過(guò)單詞的可視化學(xué)習(xí)，我們更直觀地體會(huì)到詞匯在頭腦中所構(gòu)建image的差異，在故事寫(xiě)作中使用specific，vivid words同樣可以起到刻畫(huà)描繪的作用。?

? ? ? 在新單詞的造句(超級(jí)句子)練習(xí)中，我們通過(guò)模擬場(chǎng)景setting，再現(xiàn)詞匯的使用場(chǎng)景。以whisper“輕聲說(shuō)話”為例：使用的場(chǎng)景是什么？
當(dāng)你說(shuō)出秘密時(shí)，你可能會(huì)輕聲說(shuō)出。當(dāng)你不想制造噪音的時(shí)候，你可能會(huì)竊竊私語(yǔ)。

現(xiàn)在讓我們看一張 ，上面顯示了單詞“悄悄話”。（指著竊竊私語(yǔ)的女孩。）這個(gè)女孩在告訴男孩一些事情。她在竊竊私語(yǔ)。也許她在講秘密。也許她不想讓其他女孩聽(tīng)到。

對(duì)你的朋友悄悄地說(shuō)“***”。現(xiàn)在小聲說(shuō)吧，像這樣。（輕聲說(shuō)“***”）。告訴你的朋友你的秘密?，F(xiàn)在小聲說(shuō)吧。對(duì)你的朋友說(shuō)點(diǎn)你的秘密。

看一下下面這張學(xué)校閱讀作業(yè)A-Z Mysteries Book A The Absent Author的插圖。 中Josh在對(duì)Dink悄悄地說(shuō)什么? ? 為什么他們whispered？?

?

現(xiàn)在讓我們?cè)僖黄鹫f(shuō)三遍：whisper，whisper，whisper。

造句中，首先練習(xí)的場(chǎng)景(添加時(shí)間和地點(diǎn)狀語(yǔ))完成超級(jí)句子，然后是通過(guò)使用帶有邏輯關(guān)系詞匯排列，寫(xiě)長(zhǎng)句。
1. The beetle uses its mouth for cutting, biting, and chewing.
2. Grasshoppers, crickets, and some spiders are good jumpers.
3. Ants, bees, and wasps live in colonies.
4. Caterpillars make cocoons, turn into butterflies, and fly away.?
5. The band played a funny song, then they played a sad song. Then they took a break. After they played a loud song, the concert was over.?
超級(jí)句子中詞匯排列的邏輯關(guān)系，為寫(xiě)作練習(xí)作了準(zhǔn)備。?

? ? ? ? ?為了便于孩子理解，可以通過(guò)英文的故事寫(xiě)作圖，對(duì)中文故事進(jìn)行故事寫(xiě)作圖分析。?
?
Character and Setting 人物和背景?
What does your character look like? Where is your character?
你的故事人物是什么樣？你的人物在哪里？
Action?
What did your character do? What is your character’s problem?
你的故事人物做了什么？你的故事人物有什么問(wèn)題？
Conclusion?
What happened last? How does it end?
最后發(fā)生了什么？結(jié)局是什么樣的？

? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ?小學(xué)一年級(jí)《烏鴉喝水》課文
? ? ? ?一只烏鴉口渴了,到處找水喝。烏鴉看見(jiàn)一個(gè)瓶子,瓶子里有水。可是,瓶子里水不多,瓶口又小,烏鴉喝不著水。怎么辦呢? 烏鴉看見(jiàn)旁邊有許多小石子,想出辦法來(lái)了。烏鴉把小石子一個(gè)一個(gè)地放進(jìn)瓶子里,瓶子里的水漸漸升高,烏鴉就喝著水了。?
中文版：Character and Setting人物和背景 ：
人物：小烏鴉?
Action?
故事的問(wèn)題：烏鴉想喝瓶子里的水，可是喝不到。
問(wèn)題的解決：烏鴉想到一個(gè)辦法，把石子放進(jìn)瓶子?
Conclusion?
結(jié)尾：烏鴉喝著水了。
?The Thirsty Crow Story?
? ? ? A thirsty crow flew everywhere in search of water. Suddenly, he saw a pitcher on the ground with little water in it. The water level was too low, and the pitcher had a narrow neck, because of which the crow could not drink the water.
? ? ? ?Then an idea came to him. He started picking the pebbles scattered near the pitcher and dropping them into it one by one. As pebbles went into the pitcher, the water rose. The crow drank the water happily.?
開(kāi)頭交代時(shí)間和地點(diǎn)：?
It was a hot summer day. A crow was very thirsty.?
已經(jīng)學(xué)習(xí)G3的學(xué)生，開(kāi)始學(xué)習(xí)背景描寫(xiě)，人物描寫(xiě)的學(xué)生，可以學(xué)習(xí)將時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)成分改為一個(gè)交代故事背景時(shí)間的句子。
On a hot summer day, a thirsty crow flew everywhere in search of water.?

英文版：Character and Setting 人物和背景：
人物：A thirsty crow?
Action?
故事的問(wèn)題：The crow could not drink the water in the pitcher.?
問(wèn)題的解決： Then an idea came to him. He dropped pebbles into the pitcher.?
Conclusion?
結(jié)尾：The crow drank the water happily.

?小學(xué)一年級(jí)《拔蘿卜》課文
?

?


中文版：Character and Setting人物和背景 ：
人物：老公公
Action?
故事的問(wèn)題：老公公拔蘿卜，拔不動(dòng)。
問(wèn)題的解決：老公公喊老婆婆來(lái)幫忙，老婆婆喊小姑娘來(lái)幫忙，?
小姑娘喊小狗來(lái)幫忙，小狗喊小貓來(lái)幫忙
Conclusion?
結(jié)尾：終于。。。?
?

The Story of the Giant Carrot
? ? ? ?One day Farmer Smith planted carrot seeds. The next morning,
he looked outside and gasped. He took a gulp of air because he was so surprised. A giant leaf was growing in the garden. He knew what would be attached. Giant leaves are joined to giant carrots!?
? ? ? Farmer Smith ran outside frantically. He was very, very excited. He jumped up and grabbed the leaf. It was so high, he swung from it! His body waved from side to side. Once his feet were back on the ground, he pulled on the leaf. The giant carrot would not come out.
? ? ? First, he called to his family for help. The family pulled, but the carrot was too big. Then he asked his neighbors to help. They pulled so hard that they had to stop to breathe. It was hard for them to get enough air. Finally, he called to the dog and cow for help. They all pulled, and at last, the carrot popped out!
?The Smith family fed the whole town with the delicious carrot. Everyone said it was the best-tasting carrot they had ever eaten!
英文版：Character and Setting 人物和背景 ：
人物：Farmer Smith
Action?
故事的問(wèn)題：He pulled the giant carrot, but it would not come out.
問(wèn)題的解決：He called to his family, his neighbors, the dog and cow.
Conclusion 結(jié)局
結(jié)尾：At last the carrot popped out! ?It was the best-tasting carrot.

故事題目可以采用The + 故事主要人物/故事主要對(duì)象+ Story 的模式。
?The Story of the Giant Carrot
? ? ? One day, Farmer Smith walked into his garden and saw a giant carrot. （人物時(shí)間地點(diǎn)）He tried to pull it out, but he couldn’t. （問(wèn)題）So he called his family, his neighbors, the dog, and the cow for help. （解決 action）They all pulled, and at last, the carrot popped out! （結(jié)尾）

The Story of My Dirty Dog?
? ? I have a funny dog named Pete. One day, he dug a big hole in the dirt in the garden and got muddy. I tried to give him a bath. He ran away. I tried to catch him, but I couldn't. I called my dad. He helped me catch Pete. We gave Pete a bath together.

Character and Setting 人物和背景
人物：Pete
Action?
故事的問(wèn)題：Pete dug a hole and got muddy. I tried to give him a bath but he ran away.
問(wèn)題的解決：My dad helped me.?
Conclusion 結(jié)局
結(jié)尾：We gave Pete a bath together.
? ? ?The Story of the Rescued Dog?
? ? Kim rescued a dog that was very sad. She wanted to make the dog happy, so she named her Joy. She bought toys for Joy, but Joy would not play. She gave Joy treats, but Joy would not eat. When she came home she would say, “Come, Joy. How about a hug?” She talked to her on their daily walks. She hugged her every day and rubbed noses with her. It took a while, but soon Joy was wagging her tail all the time. Joy was happy.
Character and Setting 人物和背景：
人物：Kim and rescued dog
Action?
故事的問(wèn)題：The rescued dog was very sad.
問(wèn)題的解決：Kim bought her toys and she gave her treats. Kim talked to her and hugged her.?
在超級(jí)句子的練習(xí)中，是通過(guò)使用帶有邏輯關(guān)系詞匯排列，寫(xiě)長(zhǎng)句。
1. bought her toys
2. gave her treats?
3. talked to her
4. hugged her
5. rubbed noses with her
我們閱讀1至5的羅列，體會(huì)，這種通過(guò)句子模式表現(xiàn)出來(lái)的邏輯關(guān)系。?
Conclusion 結(jié)局
結(jié)尾：The rescued dog was happy.

超級(jí)句子練習(xí)中，另一項(xiàng)練習(xí)就是在句子基礎(chǔ)結(jié)構(gòu)(主語(yǔ)+謂語(yǔ)+賓語(yǔ))加上時(shí)間地點(diǎn)狀語(yǔ)。 Last summer, my family and I went to a State Park.
? ? 在第二階段的寫(xiě)作練習(xí)中，有背景(setting:時(shí)間，地點(diǎn))描寫(xiě)，人物描寫(xiě)
第一階段 Last summer, my family and I went to a State Park.?
第二階段 It was a hot summer day. a crow was very thirsty. He flew from one place to another in search of water. But there was not a drop of water anywhere.?
體會(huì)狀語(yǔ)成分，和單獨(dú)一個(gè)句子的差異。?
狀語(yǔ)成分修飾僅僅是一個(gè)句子。而單獨(dú)一個(gè)句子則是交代整個(gè)故事發(fā)生的背景. 對(duì)比體會(huì)差異。?
?Little Raccoon Rescue?
The Story of Racoon Rescue

? ? Last summer, my family and I went to a State Park. We were walking?
along the narrow trail. Waterfalls fell over some of the high rocks. Fuzzy green moss on the edge of the path.(場(chǎng)景描寫(xiě)）Then I heard something strange.?
? ? ?Inside a garbage can, I found a raccoon. "There is a baby raccoon here!" I yelled. But no one believed what I said. I wanted to help the little raccoon!?
? ? ?Finally, I persuaded my dad, he looked into the garbage can and saw my little raccoon. Then Dad found a park ranger. She tipped the can over, and the raccoon hurried into the woods.?
開(kāi)頭交代背景：時(shí)間，人物，地點(diǎn)。（包括場(chǎng)景描寫(xiě)）
文中講述問(wèn)題problem： 發(fā)現(xiàn)了raccoon， 別人不相信
問(wèn)題的解決solution： 爸爸幫忙，護(hù)林員幫忙
結(jié)局： ?The raccoon hurried into the woods.?

通用詞匯>具體描繪性詞匯>基礎(chǔ)結(jié)構(gòu)句子>帶有修飾成分的句子>基礎(chǔ)結(jié)構(gòu)的故事>帶有背景描寫(xiě)，人物描寫(xiě)的故事>
在練習(xí)基礎(chǔ)結(jié)構(gòu)故事寫(xiě)作時(shí)，可以寫(xiě)從練習(xí)How to 說(shuō)明文寫(xiě)起。直接按照時(shí)間順序敘述過(guò)程。?

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