科學(xué)60秒:X光——透射生活的美好
來(lái)源：滬江聽(tīng)寫酷
2011-07-27 10:00
X-rays are so common today you probably never stop to think about them. They help check a broken wrist, a sprained ankle, the state of our teeth. But a little more than a century ago, x-ray machines provided a revolution in medicine, allowing doctors to look inside the body. And now scientists in the Netherlands have gotten a chance to look at how the original technology____1____.
A first-generation anatomical imaging x-ray machine was built in Holland in early 1896. Advances to the technology came quickly, and that first machine ____2____ an old warehouse. Then a year ago, a Dutch radiologist got his hands on the machine and dusted it ____3____. He and colleagues tested it using a cadaver hand. They published their research in the journal Radiology.
They found that an x-ray image that requires just 21 milliseconds today would have taken 90 minutes in 1896. And the radiation exposure would have been 1,500 times greater than modern technology’s. Early x-ray operators and researchers thus often suffered burns and other maladies. The scientists wrote that the images they produced with the ancient machine were____4____—but still____5____.
【視聽(tīng)版科學(xué)小組榮譽(yù)出品】
A first-generation anatomical imaging x-ray machine was built in Holland in early 1896. Advances to the technology came quickly, and that first machine ____2____ an old warehouse. Then a year ago, a Dutch radiologist got his hands on the machine and dusted it ____3____. He and colleagues tested it using a cadaver hand. They published their research in the journal Radiology.
They found that an x-ray image that requires just 21 milliseconds today would have taken 90 minutes in 1896. And the radiation exposure would have been 1,500 times greater than modern technology’s. Early x-ray operators and researchers thus often suffered burns and other maladies. The scientists wrote that the images they produced with the ancient machine were____4____—but still____5____.
【視聽(tīng)版科學(xué)小組榮譽(yù)出品】
functioned was relegated to off severely blurred awe-inspiring
X光現(xiàn)在如此普遍，你可能不用故意停下來(lái)想想這是什么。X光可以幫助檢查骨折的手腕、扭傷的腳踝和牙齒的狀況。但一個(gè)世紀(jì)多以前，X光機(jī)引起了一場(chǎng)醫(yī)學(xué)革命。這種機(jī)器幫助醫(yī)生看到人體內(nèi)部的情況?，F(xiàn)在荷蘭科學(xué)家有機(jī)會(huì)看看這種原創(chuàng)技術(shù)是如何起作用的。 1896年，第一代解剖影像X光機(jī)在荷蘭誕生?？萍歼M(jìn)步迅猛，第一代機(jī)器很快被塞進(jìn)舊倉(cāng)庫(kù)里。一年前，荷蘭一名放射線研究學(xué)家拿到了這臺(tái)機(jī)器，彈掉了上面的灰塵。他和同事們用這臺(tái)機(jī)器檢測(cè)一只死人的手。他們的研究刊登在《放射學(xué)》雜志上。 他們發(fā)現(xiàn)，現(xiàn)在拍X光照片只要花21毫秒，但在1896年卻要花90分鐘。而且和現(xiàn)代技術(shù)相比，那時(shí)候的放射線暴露要比現(xiàn)在高1500倍。早期X光機(jī)器的操作人員和研究人員經(jīng)常會(huì)被燙傷或者患上其他疾病?？茖W(xué)家們寫道，他們用早期機(jī)器拍出來(lái)的影像非常模糊，但仍然很激動(dòng)人心。