1. Ancestral rituals風(fēng)俗習(xí)慣
Ancestral ?adj. 祖先的；祖?zhèn)鞯?/div>
Rituals （宗教）儀式
2. the Yangtze River 長江
4.
Glutinous adj. 粘性的，膠質(zhì)的 （名詞glue，表示“膠水”; SYN: sticky）
Glutinous rice糯米
Glutinous rice cake 糍粑
5. The she nationality 畬族，中國南方游耕民族?
詞根記憶單詞：sub(under)+-sti-(stand)+ute(動(dòng)詞后綴)=站在下面隨時(shí)準(zhǔn)備替而代之
? Substitute A for B（用A替代B） VS. replace A with B（用B來替換A）
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【全文雙語朗讀】
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【語言點(diǎn)精講】
Sweet Green Rice Ball
青團(tuán)
The sweet green rice ball is a Qingming Festival (Tomb Sweeping Day) food popular in Jiangsu and Zhejiang Provinces. It is also a must-have offering at
ancestral rituals in the south of the Yangtze River.
Like glutinous rice dumpling, Qingtuan is made from glutinous rice and stuffed with red bean
paste. The difference is that squeezed
wormwood or
brome grass is used in the making of wrapper.
清明時(shí)節(jié)，江南一帶有吃青團(tuán)子的風(fēng)俗習(xí)慣。青團(tuán)子是用艾葉(也可以用其他綠色菜葉代替)搗爛后擠壓出汁，接著取用這種汁同晾干后的水磨純糯米粉拌勻揉和，然后開始制作團(tuán)子。團(tuán)子的餡心是用細(xì)膩的糖豆沙制成。
It is a must-have offering 表示：“…是必不可少的,一定會(huì)有的”
來源于文章中的： It is also a must-have offering at ancestral rituals in the south of the Yangtze River.?
清明時(shí)節(jié)，江南一帶有吃青團(tuán)子的風(fēng)俗習(xí)慣。
Must-verb 作為形容詞表示：“一定要…“的類似組合還有：
A) Must-go 表示：“必去”
Eg：Opera House is a must-go place in Sydney. 悉尼歌劇院是必到之地
B) Must-try表示：“必試“
Eg：It is a must-try thing. 這事兒你一定得兒試試 = give it a shot!?
Or this restaurant’s salmon teriyaki A La Carte is so fantastic; it is definitely a must-try dish.
這家餐廳的照燒三文魚做的非?？煽冢欢ㄒ囋?。
C) Must-see 表示：“必看“
The top 10 must-see films include Zootopia.
瘋狂動(dòng)物城納入了10部必看電影之一。
（滬江小編：青團(tuán)油綠如玉，糯韌綿軟，清香撲鼻，吃起來甜而不膩。雖然青團(tuán)今年也漲價(jià)了，但是青團(tuán)的銷售期就只有清明前后一個(gè)月左右的時(shí)間，所以愛吃甜食的童鞋們抓緊時(shí)間咯！）
清明果
Qingming Fruit?
清明果
Qingming fruit (or Qingming guo). It looks like dumplings in shape, but tastes different from dumplings. The wrapper of Qingming fruit is made from
squeezed wormwood, rice and glutinous rice. Finally, it is stuffed with bean filling and cooked by steaming. Aside from sweet fillings, people also use diced bacon, dried bamboo shoot, diced mushroom and dried beancurd as
substitutes.
清明果，形狀有些像餃子，但味卻截然不同。清明果的皮是一種叫蒿草的植物做成的，將艾葉搗爛與米粉攪伴在一起，做成碧綠色的面團(tuán)，鮮嫩欲滴。清明果的餡也是很講究的，制作精細(xì)。有熏肥腸伴芥菜末的，有豆腐干和著韭菜的，還有其他各類美味的搭配。清明包果包起來和包餃子有異曲同工之效，但包清明果似乎更精致些，那褶折得就像花邊一樣。
（滬江小編：看這一個(gè)個(gè)碧綠剔透的，好像一件件藝術(shù)品，還挺中國風(fēng)的呢?。?/span>
馓子
Sanzi
馓子
Eating Sanzi (or deep-fried dough
twist)on Qingming Festival is a
convention throughout China. Sanzi is a kind of fried food. People called it cold food in the old days.
我國南北各地清明節(jié)有吃馓子的食俗?！扳套印睘橐挥驼ㄊ称罚愦嗑?，古時(shí)叫“寒具”。
（滬江小編：這個(gè)可是兒時(shí)的記憶啊，泡馓子再撒上白糖，可能能勾起一波80后童鞋的口水?。?br>
砂鍋清明螺
Spiral Shell
清明螺
The Qingming Festival is the right time for eating
spiral shell. Spiral shell is
abundant in this season.
清明時(shí)節(jié)，正是采食螺螄的最佳時(shí)令，因這個(gè)時(shí)節(jié)螺螄還未繁殖，最為豐滿、肥美。
（滬江小編：俗話說：“清明螺，抵只鵝”！不是蓋的。）
烏稔飯
Wuren Rice?
烏稔飯
Wuren rice is common for She Nationality, who mainly live in East Fujian, including Fuzhou and Ningde. On the Tomb-sweeping Day, every family will cook Wuren Fan and exchange the food with each other as a present. Wuren Rice is made from
glutinous rice and leaves of vaccinium bracteatum or Wuren tree.
關(guān)于清明食俗，不能不提到畬家的“烏稔飯”，因?yàn)殚}東是畬族聚居地。每年三月初三，畬族人家家戶戶煮“烏稔飯”，并饋贈(zèng)漢族的親戚朋友，久而久之，當(dāng)?shù)氐臐h族人民也有了清明時(shí)食“烏稔飯”的習(xí)俗。
（滬江小編：顏色烏黑但卻米香撲鼻，別有一番風(fēng)味。）
春餅
Spring-pancake
春餅
Spring-pancake or chunbing is a traditional Chinese food unique to the northern regions. Eating spring pancakes is a customary way to celebrate the coming of spring.
Spring pancakes are the low-budget vegetarian's version of Peking duck. The pancake is slightly thicker than those used for duck, and it is seasoned with not only savory brown sauce and spring onions, but also piled with any combination of a plentiful selection of stir-fried and marinated dishes, before being rolled up tight for spill-free eating.
其實(shí)北京沒什么特別的清明食物，但有一樣食物貫穿北京人整個(gè)春天，直到清明。每年立春日，北京人都要吃春餅，名曰“咬春”，一咬咬到二月二龍?zhí)ь^，再一咬就咬到了清明。春餅餅皮比烤鴨餅皮要大，并且有韌性，更有嚼勁兒。卷的多是幾種家常炒菜，通常為肉絲炒豆芽韭芽、肉絲炒菠菜、醋烹綠豆芽、素炒粉絲、攤蔥花雞蛋等。
（滬江小編：油鍋里一炸，就成了老外眼中大名鼎鼎的中國“春卷”。）
薺菜
Shepherd's-purse
薺菜
辛棄疾寫道：“城中桃李愁風(fēng)雨，春在溪頭薺菜花?！?這是關(guān)于薺菜最美的詩，而我們大多數(shù)都是從小學(xué)習(xí)《挖薺菜》長大的，薺菜在很多人心中并不僅僅是普通的野菜那樣簡單，它代表著童年、故鄉(xiāng)、舊時(shí)光。
小編為大家推薦的薺菜美食：
薺菜餛飩：Shepherd's Purse Wonton
薺菜黃魚羹：Shepherd's Purse and Croaker
薺菜豆腐羹：Shepherd's Purse with beancurd
春筍
Bamboo Shoots in Spring
春筍
三月細(xì)雨綿綿，正是春筍的好時(shí)節(jié)。春筍貴在鮮，貴在清新淋漓。南方最常見的做法是“腌篤鮮”，咸肉、火腿、春筍在一起煮，既是湯，又是一道菜。要是想吃得濃烈一些，則是油燜筍，重油重糖，燜得黃金透亮，不經(jīng)意間，春筍成了葷菜，細(xì)品還有肉的質(zhì)感。
煨春筍：Bamboo Shoots Soup
棗糕
Date Cake?
棗糕
棗糕又叫“子推餅”，北方一些地方用酵糟發(fā)面，夾棗蒸食。他們還習(xí)慣將棗餅制成飛燕形，用柳條串起掛在門上，可以冷食，以紀(jì)念介子推不求名利的高尚品質(zhì)。
（滬江小編：童鞋們注意啦，Date Cake 在這里不是“約會(huì)蛋糕”哦?。?/span>
十種常見的烹飪方式 (10 Ways of Cooking)：?
1) 蒸：Steam (To cook vegetables over hot water )
Eg：steamed rice 白米飯
2) 燒烤：Grill (To cook food over or under strong heat;放在烤架上用烈火烤，SYN: barbecue)
Eg：Grilled eel sushi 烤鰻魚壽司?
3) 烤，炙：Roast (To cook meat or vegetables in an oven; 通常用烤爐或者烤箱烤)
?Eg：Roasted chicken 烤雞?
4) 烘烤：Bake (to cook things such as bread or cakes in a oven; 烘焙面包或者蛋糕)?
Eg: I baked a cake for Michael’s birthday.?
我給邁克做了一個(gè)生日蛋糕
5) 烤面包： Toast (To cook the outside surfaces of bread; 烤面包的表面)
Eg：French Toast 法式烤面包
6) 快炒：Stir fry (To fry small pieces of food while moving them around continuously; 快速翻炒)
Eg: Stir-fried tofu and bean sprouts 豆腐炒豆芽菜
7) 深油炸：Deep fry?
Eg：Deep-fired seafood cutlet 炸海鮮塊
8) 沸煮：Boil (To cook something in very hot water)
Eg: People on a diet always prefer to eat boiled vegetables instead of rice.
節(jié)食減肥中的小伙伴通常會(huì)用水煮菜來替代米飯
9) 小火慢煮：Poach (To slowly cook food, especially fish and eggs, in a small amount of boiling water)
Eg: Poach the salmon in white wine and water. 用文火和白酒慢煮三文魚
10) （把…浸泡在鹵汁中）腌制：Marinate（to put meat or fish in a marinade before cooking in order to develop a special flavor）?
Eg: You better firstly marinate the chicken for three hours.
你最好先把雞肉腌3小時(shí)。
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聲明：本雙語文章的中文翻譯系滬江英語原創(chuàng)內(nèi)容，講解由vivian提供，轉(zhuǎn)載請(qǐng)注明出處。中文翻譯僅代表譯者個(gè)人觀點(diǎn)，僅供參考。如有不妥之處，歡迎指正。
