三．Lexical resource

1. 具體要求

Lexical resource表示詞匯。在官方給出的評(píng)分標(biāo)準(zhǔn)中，7分有這樣的要求：

1. Uses sufficient range of vocabulary to allow some flexibility and precision

2. Uses less common lexical items with some awareness of style and collocation

3. May produce occasional errors in word choice, spelling and/or word formation

①靈活并且準(zhǔn)確使用各種詞匯。②正確搭配和使用不太普通的短語。

2. 范例評(píng)析

▲ 劍橋雅思全真試題7 Test2 Task2

Some people believe that there should be fixed punishments for each type of crime. Others, however, argue that the circumstances of an individual crime, and the motivation for committing it, should be taken into account when deciding the punishment.

Discuss both views and give your own opinion.

7.5分考生范文選段：固定不變的定罪制度和分情況靈活的定罪制度

On the one hand, fixed punishment will have a deterring effect on society. Individuals knowing that they will be subject to a certain punishment if they are convicted with a given crime will reconsider committing this act in the first place. This deterring effect also leads to social stability and security, through minimizing the number of crimes committed. If people knew they would be able to convince the court or the jury of reason for having committed the crime they are accused of, penal decisions would be largely arbitrary. This would result into criminals getting away with their crimes and into a high level of injustice caused by the subjective approach of different courts.

On the other hand, taking the circumstance of a crime and its motivation into consideration is a prerequisite for establishing and ensuring justice and equity. A person killing in self-defense cannot be compared to a serial killer, moving from one victim to the next.

1. 詞匯的多樣使用：

①認(rèn)為consider ?重新考慮reconsider ?思考consideration

②懲罰（動(dòng)詞）Punish ?懲罰（名詞）punishment ?懲罰的penal

③犯罪Crime ?罪犯criminal

2. 短語的多樣使用：

①服從be subject to

②判罪be convicted with

③犯罪commit crimes

④判決某人有某罪convince sb of sth

⑤方法the approach of

⑥考慮到take sth into consideration

⑦被指控be accused of

⑧前提a prerequisite for

⑨與某事相提并論be compared to

⑩理由reason for

3. 對(duì)策

①題干核心詞與短語

“題干核心詞與短語”是指在每個(gè)話題的題目中，會(huì)有一些出現(xiàn)頻率比較高的名詞或短語。雅思議論文題目雖多，但是可以按話題分為八大類：教育，科技，環(huán)境與動(dòng)物，媒體與廣告，政府，工作與生活，語言與文化，法律與犯罪。復(fù)習(xí)以雅思寫作機(jī)經(jīng)為主，關(guān)注近兩年的寫作題目。

②素材核心詞與短語

“素材核心詞與短語”主要是指某一類話題作文常會(huì)論證的角度，一般是由一些“實(shí)意詞”為主。建議考生按照話題大量研讀范文的主題句或是支持句，去積累和總結(jié)。

四．Grammatical range and accuracy

1. 具體要求

Grammatical range and accuracy表示語法的準(zhǔn)確性和多樣性。在官方給出的評(píng)分標(biāo)準(zhǔn)中，7分有這樣的要求：

1. Uses a variety of complex structures

2. Produces frequent error-free sentences

3. Has good control of grammar and punctuation but may make a few errors

①能夠使用各種復(fù)合結(jié)構(gòu)。②句子無語法錯(cuò)誤。③能夠正確使用語法和標(biāo)點(diǎn)。

2. 范例評(píng)析

▲ 劍橋雅思全真試題7 Test2 Task2

Some people believe that there should be fixed punishments for each type of crime. Others, however, argue that the circumstances of an individual crime, and the motivation for committing it, should be taken into account when deciding the punishment.

Discuss both views and give your own opinion.

7.5分考生范文選段：

On the one hand, fixed punishment will have a deterring effect on society. Individuals knowing that they will be subject to a certain punishment if they are convicted with a given crime will reconsider committing this act in the first place. This deterring effect also leads to social stability and security, through minimizing the number of crimes committed. If people knew they would be able to convince the court or the jury of reason for having committed the crime they are accused of, penal decisions would be largely arbitrary. This would result into criminals getting away with their crimes and into a high level of injustice caused by the subjective approach of different courts.

On the other hand, taking the circumstance of a crime and its motivation into consideration is a prerequisite for establishing and ensuring justice and equity. A person killing in self-defense cannot be compared to a serial killer, moving from one victim to the next.

1. 非謂語

①On the one hand, fixed punishment will have a deterring effect on society.

②This deterring effect also leads to social stability and security, through minimizing the number of crimes committed.

③This would result into criminals getting away with their crimes and into a high level of injustice caused by the subjective approach of different courts.

④A person killing in self-defense cannot be compared to a serial killer, moving from one victim to the next.

2. 虛擬語氣

①If people knew they would be able to convince the court or the jury of reason for having committed the crime they are accused of, penal decisions would be largely arbitrary.

②This would result into criminals getting away with their crimes and into a high level of injustice caused by the subjective approach of different courts.

3. 對(duì)策

①避免常見語法錯(cuò)誤

常見語法錯(cuò)誤有：雙謂語；介詞搭配；并列結(jié)構(gòu)。

②三大從句

熟練使用三大從句：名詞性從句，狀語從句，定語從句。

③特殊句型

倒裝句，強(qiáng)調(diào)句，獨(dú)立主格，非謂語。

最后，再次提醒考生：雅思作文閱卷考官全部是受過系統(tǒng)培訓(xùn)的native speaker, 具有豐富的批閱雅思作文的經(jīng)驗(yàn)，他們對(duì)中國學(xué)生存在的問題有相當(dāng)全面的了解。因此，如果中國考生想要獲取作文7分，就必須根據(jù)自己的情況制定詳細(xì)的備考計(jì)劃并持之以恒。毋庸置疑，這終將是一場硬仗！