在上一個(gè)章節(jié)中，系統(tǒng)探討了折線圖主體段的高端寫作思路和句型發(fā)展方式。在本章節(jié)里，我們將繼續(xù)探討餅狀圖主體段的高分思路和寫法。

餅狀圖和折線圖相比，從思路上來說更多；從詞匯角度來說稍復(fù)雜些，比如在餅狀圖里，經(jīng)常會(huì)涉及到扇形面積的描述，因此，我們會(huì)使用到“占”這個(gè)意思，而常用來表示這個(gè)意思的動(dòng)詞和詞組有：constitute，comprise，account for，make up和take up；此外，扇形面積還時(shí)常會(huì)涉及5個(gè)常見的分?jǐn)?shù)值，如1/3，2/3，1/2，1/4，3/4，當(dāng)扇形面積在這5個(gè)分?jǐn)?shù)值附近時(shí)，我們需要使用一些不同的句型來描述。從高分角度來說，餅圖的主體段寫作思路一般可以從3方面入手：

一、縱向數(shù)據(jù)對(duì)比的餅圖

先描述面積最大的扇形，然后從大到小排列扇形順序

在這種寫法中，我們可以首先描寫面積最大的扇形，也可以將面積最大的2塊扇形面積一起描述。以下我們就來看一個(gè)例子：

Write a report for a university lecturer describing the information below.

You should write at least 150 words.

You should spend about 20 minutes on this task.

Food and cars made up the two biggest items of expenditure in both years. Together they comprised over half of household spending. Food accounted for 44% of spending in 1966, but this dropped by two thirds to 14% in 1996. However, the outlay on cars doubled, rising from 23% in 1966 to 45% in 1996.

之后的數(shù)據(jù)排列我們可以按照大到小的扇形面積順序，也可以以變化幅度較大或者有倍數(shù)關(guān)系的扇形為先，這種寫法更高級(jí)。如：

Other areas changed significantly. Spending on eating out doubled, climbing from 7% to 14%. The proportion of salary spent on computers increased dramatically, up from 1% in 1996 to 10% in 1996. However, as computer expenditure rose, the percentage of outlay on books plunged from 6% to 1%.

先描述面積最小的扇形

在此提醒考生，在這種寫法中有一個(gè)前提，也就是這塊扇形最小的面積代表的是“positive”的含義。

以下我們就來看一個(gè)例子：

Write a report for a university lecturer describing the information below.

You should write at least 150 words.

You should spend about 20 minutes on this task.

In 1945 only 30% of women completed their secondary education and 1% went on to a first degree. No women had completed post-graduate studies. This situation had changed radically by 1995. In 1995, 90% of women in Someland had completed secondary education and of those, half had graduated from an initial degree and 20% had gone on to postgraduate studies. At the other end of the scale we can see that by 1995 all girls were completing lower secondary, although 10% ended their schooling at this point. This is in stark contrast with 1945 when only 30% of girls completed primary school, 35% had no schooling at all and 35% only completed the third grade.

若采用這種寫法時(shí)，必須注意的是2個(gè)餅圖在轉(zhuǎn)換時(shí)必須有“過渡句”，如第2個(gè)下劃線的句子，來引導(dǎo)后面的數(shù)據(jù)。

采用折線圖的寫法來寫餅圖