第一篇

People traveling long distances frequently have to decide whether they would prefer to go by land. sea, or air. Hardly can anyone positively enjoy sitting in a train for mort than a few hours. Train compartments soon get cramped and stuffy. Reading is only a partial solution. for the monotonous rhythm of the wheels clicking on the rails soon lulls you to sleep. During the day, sleep comes in snatches. At night when you really wish to go to sleep you rarely manage to do so. Inevitably you arrive at your destination almost exhausted. Long car journey are even less pleasant. for it is quite impossible even to read. On motorways you can. at least, travel fairly safely at high speeds, but more often than not, the greater pan of the journey is spent on narrow. bumpy roads which are crowded wich traffic. By comparison, trips by sea offer a great variety of civilized comforts. You can stretch your legs on the spacious decks, play games, swim, meet interesting people and enjoy good food-always assuming, of course, that the sea is calm. If it is not and you are likely to get seasick; no form of transport could be worse. Even if you travel in ideal weather, sea journeys take a long time. Relatively few people are prepared to sacrifice up to a third of their holidays for the pleasure of traveling on a ship.

　　Airplanes have the reputation of being dangerous and expensive. But nothing can match them for speed and comfort. Traveling at a height of 30,000 feet. far above the clouds, and at over 500 miles an hour is an exhilarating experience. For a few hours, you settle back in a deep armchair to enjoy the flight. The real escapist can watch a free film show and sip champagne on some services. But even when such refinements are not available, there is plenty to keep you occupied. An airplane offers you an unusual and breathtaking view of the world. You soar effortlessly over high mountains and deep valleys. You really see the shape of the land. If the landscape is hidden from the view. you can enjoy the extraordinary sight of unbroken cloud plains that stretch om for miles before you, while the sun shines brilliantly in a clear sky. The journey is so smooth that there is nothing to prevent you from reading or sleeping. However you decide to spend your time, one thing is certain: you will arrive at your destination fresh and uncrumpled.

　　【試題】

　　1. The author indicates that reading can help lessen_______________.

　　A) the boredom of being in the train

　　B) the tiresome clicking of the wheels

　　C) the sleeplessness during the journey

　　D) the poor ventilation of the compartment

　　2. what can we leam about the long distance journey by car?

　　A) It is safe because the car usually goes at high speeds.

　　B) It is monotonous because reading is quite impossible.

　　C) It is exhausting because you seldom manage to sleep.

　　D) It is dangerous because the traffic is always too dense.

　　3. Trips by sea is regarded as the worst means of traveling when______________.

　　A) the weather is terrible B) the traveler has little time

　　C) the traveler feels seasick D) the sea is not calm

　　4. What is the greatest difference between traveling by air and the other means of traveling?

　　A) Traveling by air is not so tiring as the others.

　　B) Traveling by air brings more fun than the others.

　　C) Traveling by air is much more expensive than the others.

　　D) Traveling by air offers more time for sleep than the others.

　　5. By writing the passage the author intends to_______________.

　　A) introduce diverse ways of traveling

　　B) points out the best mode of traveling

　　C) emphasize the advantages of traveling by air

　　D) compare the means of relaxing when traveling

　　【選項(xiàng)翻譯與答案】

　　1. 作者指出，閱讀可以幫助緩解________________。

　　A) 坐火車(chē)時(shí)的無(wú)聊 B) 車(chē)輪令人疲憊的聲音

　　C) 旅程中的睡意 D)車(chē)廂中通風(fēng)不良的情況

　　[A]原文該段第4句表明閱讀是a partial solution,這表明閱讀有助于解決某個(gè)問(wèn)題，而這個(gè)問(wèn)題就是該段第2句和第3句提到的坐長(zhǎng)途火車(chē)會(huì)讓人覺(jué)得煩悶，由此可見(jiàn)，本題答案應(yīng)為選項(xiàng)A。

　　2.關(guān)于長(zhǎng)途汽車(chē)旅行，我們了解到什么信息?

　　A)很安生，因?yàn)槠?chē)通常速度很快。 B)很單調(diào)，因?yàn)椴豢赡芸磿?shū)。

　　C) 很辛苦，因?yàn)楦倦y以入睡。 　　 D)很危險(xiǎn)，因?yàn)榭偸翘嘬?chē)。

　　[B]首段第8句中的for引出一個(gè)原因從句，表明一種因果關(guān)系，而選項(xiàng)B表達(dá)的因果關(guān)系與此相同，因此為本題答案。原文該段第9句提到了safely at high speeds，但安全和高速之間并不存在因果關(guān)系，因此選項(xiàng)A不正確;選項(xiàng)C沒(méi)在原文提及，建項(xiàng)D的因果關(guān)系也不正確。

　　3. 海上旅行是最糟糕的旅行方式，當(dāng)_____________。

　　A) 天氣很差的時(shí)候 B) 旅行者時(shí)間很少的時(shí)候

　　C) 旅行者暈船的時(shí)候 D)海上不平靜的時(shí)候

　　[C]首段倒數(shù)第3句指出了兩種因果關(guān)系：第一，海洋不平靜會(huì)導(dǎo)致你暈船;第二，暈船會(huì)讓你覺(jué)得坐船是最糟糕的交通方式，由此可見(jiàn)，本題應(yīng)選C。在原文雖有提及weather，但與題干關(guān)系不大，故A不對(duì);時(shí)間的問(wèn)題雖在下一句提及，但與題干不構(gòu)成因果關(guān)系，故B不正確;D是因其暈船的原因，與題干之間的因果關(guān)系不直接，故也不對(duì)。

　　4. 坐飛機(jī)旅行與采用其他交通方式旅行的最大差別是什么?

　　A) 坐飛機(jī)不像其他交通工具那么累。

　　B) 坐飛機(jī)比其他的交通工具更有樂(lè)趣。

　　C) 坐飛機(jī)比其他的變通工具更貴。

　　D) 坐飛機(jī)時(shí)的睡眠時(shí)間可以比乘坐其他交通工具更長(zhǎng)。

　　[A]雖然文章沒(méi)有明顯地比較飛機(jī)與其他交通方式，但是從首段的內(nèi)容來(lái)看，可以知道當(dāng)作者描述其他交通方式時(shí)，都提到它們很累人，而第2段末句中的fresh and uncrumpled表明坐飛機(jī)旅行不會(huì)讓旅行者覺(jué)得累，由此可見(jiàn)，本題應(yīng)選A。

　　5. 作者寫(xiě)本文的目的是_______________________.

　　A) 介紹旅游的各種方式 B)指出旅游的最佳方式

　　C) 強(qiáng)調(diào)坐飛機(jī)旅游的好處 D)比較旅游時(shí)各種放松的方式

　　[A]作者在原文首句提到了三種交通方式，然后分別描述了三種方式各自的特點(diǎn)，由此可見(jiàn)，作者寫(xiě)本文是為了介紹三種不同的交通方式，故選A。作者只是描述三種交通方式的特點(diǎn)，沒(méi)有突山哪一個(gè)是最好的，困此選項(xiàng)B不正確;選項(xiàng)C只是第2段的內(nèi)容，并非全文主題，因此也不是正確答案;本文的主題是交通方式，并非relaxing(放松的方式)，因此選項(xiàng)D不正確。

　　【參考譯文】

　　[5]人們長(zhǎng)途旅行的時(shí)候通常都要做出決定，選擇究竟走陸路、走海路還是坐飛機(jī)。[l]幾乎很少有人真正喜歡坐超過(guò)幾個(gè)鐘頭的火車(chē)。火車(chē)車(chē)廂很快就擠滿人，讓人感到氣悶!讀書(shū)并不能解決所有問(wèn)題，因?yàn)檐?chē)輪在軌道上單調(diào)而有節(jié)奏的咔嗒咔嗒聲會(huì)催人入眠。白天睡眠斷斷續(xù)續(xù)，晚上你真的想睡時(shí)卻很難入睡。你到達(dá)目的地的時(shí)候，幾乎不可避免地精疲力竭。[2]坐長(zhǎng)途汽車(chē)的樂(lè)趣更少，因?yàn)槟銕缀醪豢赡茉谲?chē)上讀書(shū)。車(chē)子走高速公路的時(shí)候，至少車(chē)速快而且安全，但往往旅程的大半得走狹窄、顛簸而又交通擁擠的路。相對(duì)而言，坐郵輪旅行就優(yōu)雅舒適得多了。你可以在寬敞的甲板上伸展雙腳，你可以玩游戲、游泳、碰上各種有趣的人和享用美食——當(dāng)然，這些的前提都得是：海洋是平靜的。[3]否則，你很可能暈船，那將是最糟糕的。但是，即使是天氣很好，走海路也要花很長(zhǎng)時(shí)問(wèn)。相對(duì)而言，很少有人打算犧牲三分一以上的假期來(lái)享受海上旅行的快樂(lè)。

　　人人都知道坐飛機(jī)既危險(xiǎn)又花錢(qián)。但沒(méi)有什么比坐飛機(jī)旅行來(lái)得更快捷更舒適了。在3萬(wàn)英尺高空的云層之上，以超過(guò)500英里的時(shí)速旅行是很令人愜意的。你可以舒舒服服地深深地靠在扶手椅上飛行幾個(gè)小時(shí)。真正想擺脫俗務(wù)的人在旅途中能享受些服務(wù)，看一出免費(fèi)電影，或者是啜飲香檳酒。即使沒(méi)有這么高檔的享受，也有許多辦法讓你打發(fā)時(shí)光。在飛機(jī)上你可以看到不同尋常、令人驚詫的世界風(fēng)景。你毫不費(fèi)力地飛過(guò)高山和深谷。你真切看到大地的形狀。如果你看不到風(fēng)景，你也可以欣賞到非常特別的、無(wú)邊無(wú)際的云海，在你的眼前延綿數(shù)英里，太陽(yáng)在晴朗的天空上發(fā)出耀眼的光芒。航程非常平穩(wěn)，你可以安心閱讀和睡覺(jué)。[4]不管你怎樣安排你的時(shí)間，有一件事是確定無(wú)疑的：你將會(huì)精神煥發(fā)、毫無(wú)倦意地到達(dá)目的地。

?

第二篇

President Bush touched off a firestorm of criticism from congressional Democrats, civil fights groups and newspaper editorialists Wednesday when he decided to intervene in a Supreme Court case challenging racial preferences in the University of Michigan admissions policy. The howls of protest were quick and loud. Judging from the noise, one might conclude that this president is in big political trouble as he looks to reelection in 2004. After all, with public uncertainty about the economy, the possibility of war with Iraq, increased tensions with North Korea dominating the headlines, and Democrats hurling brickbats at Bush for everything from his economic stimulus plan that they say favors the rich to what they see as his abandonment of minorities by opposing the Michigan case, he would appear to be poised (使平衡) on the brink of political disaster.

　　But is he? Not yet. His standing with the public is stronger than outward poll numbers suggest. Much was made this past week of a USA TODAY CNN Gallup Poll that showed Bush's job approval rating dipping below 60% for the first time since Sept. 11, to 58%. That caused many to comment that he might be following down a path his father previously trod. The elder Bush achieved success in the Persian Gulf War but saw his job ratings erode steadily, largely because of what many read as an inadequate response to a slumping economy. He was denied a second term.But for the younger Bush to be in danger of a repeat, he would have to do something that breaks the bond he has formed with the American public on a personal level since Sept. 11 that transcendshis positions on various issues.

　　The same USA TODAY poll that showed Bush's overall job-approval slipping, but still good,also found that his so-called political "vital signs" are remarkably strong. They suggest that regardless of whether people agree or disagree with Bush's handling of specific problems or issues,he retains a high degree of respect, trust and support for pushing boldly ahead as he sees fit. Most who said the qualities do not apply are Democrats, Who more than likely are not going to vote for Bush anyway. It is the swing voters that Bush must hold, and the poll shows that most independents rank Bush positively on these measures, He also "gets some pretty strong ratings from women, who traditionally lean toward Democratic presidential candidates.

　　So when Bush makes a bold decision to fight terrorism, oppose the Michigan admissions policy or force Saddam Hussein to disarm, many may disagree. But they rate him high for leading, which, after all, is what we elect our presidents to do. And most see him as honest, willing to get along with his political opponents and an effective government manager. Analysts say those vital signs will see Bush through the rough times.

　　52. It can be inferred from the passage that the University of Michigan

　　[ A ] carries out a preferential policy for recruiting minority students

　　[ B] comes into open conflicts with Bush's economic stimulus plan

　　[ C] puts Bush in trouble by abandoning minority students in its admission

　　[D] is strongly opposed to Bush's foreign policies

　　53. According to the passage, the poll numbers indicate that

　　[A] Bush's standing with the public is very strong　　[ B] Bush's economic package wins widespread support

　　[ C] public support for Bush is declining　[ D] Bush is on the brink of political disaster

　　54. The elder Bush lost a second term mainly because

　　[ A ] he lost the Persian Gulf War　　[B ] he failed to develop an intimate relationship with the public

　　[ C ] he proved himself inadequate as a political leader　[ D ] he did not take effective measures to recover the economy

　　55. The expression "vital signs" (Line 2, Para. 3 ) mainly refers to

　　[ A] signs that signalize public satisfaction with Bush's work　[ B ] qualities that meet the leadership of the country

　　[ C] poll numbers that show Bush's job-approval ratings　　[ D] issues that Bush has to handle before a reelection

　　56. The main idea of the passage is that

　　[ A] approval polls don't tell the whole Bush story　[ B ] young Bush is in danger of repeating the elder Bush's mistakes

　　[ C ] fighting another war does not help the slumping economy[ DJ public support for Bush's work takes another dip

　　答案：ACDBA

?

第三篇

　In department stores and closets all over the world. they are waiting. Their outward appearance seems rather appealing because they come in a variety of styles, textures. and colors. But they are ultimately the biggest deception that exists in the fashion industry today. What are they? They are high heels—a woman's worst enemy (whether she knows it or not). High heel shoes are the downfall of modem society. Fashion myths have led women to believe that they are more beautiful or sophisticated for wearing heels, but in reality, heels succeed in posing short as well as long term hardships. Women should fight the high heel industry by refusing to use or purchase them in order to save the world from unnecessary physical and psychological suffering.

　　For the sake of fairness. it must be noted that there is a positive side to high heels. First. heels are excellent for aerating (使通氣) lawns. Anyone who has ever worn heels on grass knows what I am talking about. A simple trip around the yard in a pair of those babies eliminates all need to call for a lawn care specialist. and provides the perfect-sized holes to give any lawn oxygen without all those messy chunks of dirt lying around. Second, heels are quite functional for defense against oncoming enemies. who can easily be scared away By threatening them with a pair of these sharp, deadly fashion accessories.

　　Regardless of such practical uses for heels, the fact remains that wearing high heels is harmful to one's physical health. Talk to any podiatrist (足病醫(yī)生), and you will hear that the majority of their business comes from high-heel-wearing women. High heels are known to cause problems such as deformed feetand tom toenails. The ask of severe back problems and twisted or broken ankles is three times higher for a high heel wearer than for a flat shoe wearer. Wearing heels also creates che threat of getting a heel caught in a sidewalk crack or a sewer-grate (陰溝柵) and being thrown to the ground-possibly breaking a nose. back, or neck. And of course, after wearing heels for a day. any woman knows she can look forward to a night of pain as she tries to comfort her swollen, aching feel.

　　【測(cè)試題】

　　1. What makes women blind to the deceptive nature of high heels?

　　A) The multi-functional use of high heels.

　　B) Their attempt to show off their status.

　　C) The rich variety of high heel styles.

　　D) Their wish to improve their appearance.

　　2. The author's presentation of the positive side of high heels is meant__________.

　　A) to be ironic B) to poke fun at women

　　C) to be fair to the fashion industry D) to make his point convincing

　　3. The author uses the expression "those babies" (Line 4. Para. 2) to ref high heels__________.

　　A) to show their fragile characteristics B) co indicate their feminine features

　　C) to show women’s affection for them D) to emphasize their small size

　　4. The author's chief argument against high heels is that_____________.

　　A) they pose a threat to lawns

　　B) they are injurious to women’s health

　　C) they don’t necessarily make women beautiful

　　D) they are ineffective as a weapon of defense

　　5. It can be inferred from the passage that women should_____________.

　　A) see through the very nature of fashion myths

　　B) boycott the products of the fashion industry

　　C) go co a podiatrist regularly For advice

　　D) avoid following fashion too closely

　　【選項(xiàng)翻譯與答案詳解】

　　1. 是什么讓女人對(duì)高跟鞋的欺騙性的本質(zhì)視而不見(jiàn)的?

　　A) 高跟鞋有多種功能。 B) 她們想要展現(xiàn)自己的身份。

　　C)高跟鞋風(fēng)格多種多樣。 D) 她們希望能夠改善樣貌。

　　[D]根據(jù)文章第l段“時(shí)尚神話使女性相信穿上高跟鞋會(huì)更美麗或氣質(zhì)更優(yōu)雅”，因此，在四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中，只有D與文章所陳述的觀點(diǎn)一致;其余三項(xiàng)均不符合。

　　2. 作者對(duì)于高跟鞋的正面論述是為了______________。

　　A) 表現(xiàn)諷刺 B) 對(duì)女人開(kāi)玩關(guān)

　　C) 對(duì)時(shí)裝工業(yè)公平 D) 讓自己的論點(diǎn)具有說(shuō)服力

　　[A]根據(jù)文章第2段，高跟鞋有兩種積極的作用：一種是極好的草地供氧用具，不用挖土就能在草地上鑿出均勻的小洞供草地吸氧;另一種是可擊退來(lái)犯之?dāng)?，高跟鞋輕易就能?chē)樛藬橙?，由此可知，不論從?nèi)容或語(yǔ)氣上看，作者旨在對(duì)高跟鞋進(jìn)行嘲諷。故此，在四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中，只有A與作者的寫(xiě)作意圖相符;其余三項(xiàng)均與文章的意思相悖。

　　3. 作者使用了“那些寶貝”(第2段第4行)的表達(dá)來(lái)指高跟鞋______________________。

　　A) 是為了顯示高跟鞋脆弱的特點(diǎn) B) 是為了表示高跟鞋的女性特征

　　C)是為了表現(xiàn)女人對(duì)高跟鞋的熱愛(ài) D) 強(qiáng)調(diào)高跟鞋的尺寸很小

　　[C] baby通常是人們對(duì)嬰兒的愛(ài)稱(chēng)，語(yǔ)氣中包含有憐愛(ài)的成分，而在文章第1段作者也指出高跟鞋頗具吸引力，女性都相信穿高跟鞋能使她們更漂亮、氣質(zhì)更高雅，由此可看出女性對(duì)高跟牲的鐘愛(ài)。結(jié)合這兩個(gè)方面可推斷出作者將高跟鞋比作baby.目的只是為了表現(xiàn)女性對(duì)高跟鞋的憐愛(ài)程度。因此，C與作者所表現(xiàn)的觀點(diǎn)相符，故而正確。

　　4. 作者反對(duì)高跟鞋的主要論點(diǎn)是________________。

　　A)高跟鞋對(duì)草地是一種威脅 B) 高跟鞋對(duì)女性健康有害

　　C) 高跟鞋不一定會(huì)讓女人更美麗 D) 高跟鞋是一種無(wú)敵的自衛(wèi)武器

　　[B]在文章第1段作者就提出自己的觀點(diǎn)：高跟鞋是女性最大的敵人，它會(huì)給女性帶來(lái)身體和精神上的傷害。而在文章最后一段作者又詳細(xì)說(shuō)明了商跟鞋會(huì)給女性帶來(lái)哪些傷害，l：腳變形，腳指甲受損，嚴(yán)重的腰部疾病，腳踝扭傷，容易跌倒等。因此，本文的大部分篇幅都在描寫(xiě)高跟鞋對(duì)女性健康所造成的影響，故B與文章所陳述的觀點(diǎn)一致：其余三項(xiàng)均不構(gòu)成反對(duì)高跟鞋的論點(diǎn)。

　　5. 從文章中可以推論，女人應(yīng)該_____________________。

　　A) 看穿時(shí)尚秘密的本質(zhì) B)抵制時(shí)尚產(chǎn)業(yè)的產(chǎn)品

　　C) 定期去找足病醫(yī)生尋求建議 D) 避免緊貼時(shí)尚的做琺

　　[A]在文章第1段和第3段作者指出：時(shí)尚神話使女性相信穿上高跟鞋能使她們更漂亮、氣質(zhì)更優(yōu)雅。但實(shí)際情況卻是高跟鞋只會(huì)給女性帶來(lái)身體上和精神上的傷害。因此作者呼吁女性與高跟鞋業(yè)作戰(zhàn)，拒絕購(gòu)買(mǎi)和穿高跟鞋。因此，A與文章的意思吻合;而B(niǎo)和D的說(shuō)法文中沒(méi)有提到，也過(guò)于絕對(duì)了，C并不是作者的目的。

　　【參考譯文】

　　在全世界百貨商店和壁櫥里，它們正在等待著。它們的外表擬乎非常吸引人.因?yàn)樗鼈兊氖綐?，質(zhì)地和顏色多種多樣。但是它們卻是當(dāng)今時(shí)裝產(chǎn)業(yè)中最大的騙局。它們是什么?它們就是高跟鞋——女性最大的敵人(不管她們是否知道這一點(diǎn))。高跟鞋是現(xiàn)代社會(huì)的衰落。[1]/[3]時(shí)尚神話使女性相信穿上高跟鞋會(huì)更美麗或氣質(zhì)更高雅，但事實(shí)上高跟鞋已經(jīng)引起了短期乃至長(zhǎng)期的痛苦。女性應(yīng)該與高跟鞋產(chǎn)業(yè)作斗爭(zhēng)，拒絕穿或購(gòu)買(mǎi)高跟鞋，以使世界免受不必要的身心折磨。

　　為公平起見(jiàn)，我們必須注意到穿高跟鞋還具有其積極的一面。首先，高跟鞋有利于草坪通氣。穿著高跟鞋在草地上走過(guò)的任何一個(gè)人都知道我說(shuō)的是什么。[2]穿著這雙寶貝只要在院子里走上一圈就沒(méi)必要再請(qǐng)草坪養(yǎng)護(hù)專(zhuān)家了，高跟鞋走過(guò)去會(huì)在地上留下大小合適的一個(gè)個(gè)小洞，給草坪提供了氧氣，而且周?chē)鷽](méi)有那些亂七八糟的垃圾。其次，高跟鞋對(duì)抵御來(lái)犯之?dāng)呈钟行?，用這么兩只尖尖的、可致人于死地的時(shí)裝配件一揚(yáng)，就能輕而易舉地把他們嚇得逃之夭夭。

　　[4]盡管高跟鞋有這些實(shí)際用途，事實(shí)上穿高跟鞋對(duì)身體健康有害。與任何一位足病醫(yī)生交談，你都會(huì)聽(tīng)到他們說(shuō)大多數(shù)業(yè)務(wù)來(lái)自穿高跟鞋的女性。人們知道穿高跟鞋會(huì)引起足部變形和腳趾甲破裂之類(lèi)的問(wèn)題。穿高跟鞋者有嚴(yán)重背部問(wèn)題和踝關(guān)節(jié)扭飭或骨折的風(fēng)險(xiǎn)，要比穿平跟鞋者大三倍。穿高跟鞋還會(huì)把鞋跟踩進(jìn)人行道的裂縫或陰溝柵，使人摔倒在地上——可能會(huì)跌破鼻子、背部或折斷頸部的危險(xiǎn)。當(dāng)然，穿了一天的高跟鞋，任何女性都料到會(huì)有一個(gè)痛苦的夜晚去舒緩她那又腫又疼的雙腳。

?

第四篇

　No woman can be too rich or too thin. This saying often attributed to the late Duchess (公爵夫人) of Windsor embodies much of the odd spirit of our times. Being thin is deemed as such a virtue.

　　The problem with such a view is that some people actually attempt to live by it. I myself have fantasies of slipping into narrow designer cloches. Consequently. I have been on a diet for the better-or worse-part of my life. Being rich wouldn't be bad either. but that won’t happen unless an unknown relative dies suddenly in some distant land. leaving me millions of dollars.

　　Where did we go off the track? When did eating butter become a sin, and a little bit of extra flesh unappealing, if not repellent? All religions have certain days when people refrain from eating and excessive eating is one of Christianity's seven deadly sins. However, until quite recently, most people had a problem getting enough to eat. In some religious groups, wealth was a symbol of probable salvation and high morals. and fatness a sign of wealth and well-being.

　　Today the opposite is true. We have shifted lo thinness as our new mark of virtue. The result is that being fat-or even only somewhat overweight-is bad because it implies a lack of moral strength.

　　Our obsession (迷戀) with thinness is also fueled by health concerns. It is true that in this country we have more overweight people than ever before. and that in many cases, being overweight correlates with an increased risk of heart and blood vessel disease. These diseases. however, may have as much to do with our way of life and our high-fat diets as with excess weight. And the associated risk of cancer in the digestive system may be more of a dietary problem-too much fat and a lack of fiber-than a weight problem.

　　The real concern. then. is not that we weigh too much. but that we neither exercise enough nor eat well. Exercise is necessary for strong bones and both heart and lung health. A balanced diet without a lot of fat can also help the body avoid many diseases. We should surely stop paying so much attention to weight. Simply being thin is not enough. It is actually hazardous if those who get (or already are) thin think they are automatically healthy and thus free from paying attention to their overall life-style. Thinness can be pure vainglory (虛榮).

　　【試題】

　　1. In the eyes of the author, an odd phenomenon nowadays is that____________.

　　A) the Duchess of Windsor is regarded as a woman of virtue

　　B) looking slim is a symbol of having a large fortune

　　C) being thin is viewed as a much desired quality

　　D) religious people are not necessarily virtuous

　　2. Swept by the prevailing trend. the author_____________.

　　A) had to go on a diet for the greater part of her life

　　B) could still prevent herself from going off the crack

　　C) had to seek help from rich distant relatives

　　D) had to wear highly fashionable clothes

　　3. In human history, people's views on body weight_____________.

　　A) were closely related to their religious beliefs

　　B) changed from time to time

　　C) varied between the poor and the rich

　　D) led to different moral standards

　　4. The author criticizes women’s obsession with thinness

　　A) from an economic and educational perspective

　　B) from sociological and medical points of view

　　C) from a historical and religious standpoint

　　D) in the light of moral principles

　　5. What's the author's advice to women who are absorbed in the idea of thinness?

　　A) They should be more concerned with their overall life style.

　　B) They should be more watchful for fatal diseases.

　　C) They should gain weight m Jook healthy.

　　D) They should rid themselves of fantasies about designer clothes.

　　【答案解析】

　　1. 在作者的眼中，現(xiàn)在有一種奇怪的現(xiàn)象，那就是_______________。

　　A) 溫莎公爵夫人被視作有德之人

　　B)看上去纖瘦是很有錢(qián)的標(biāo)志

　　C) 纖瘦是令人向往的特質(zhì)

　　D) 有宗教信仰的人不一定都是有美德的人。

　　[C]在文章第1段，作者指出“瘦被認(rèn)為是這樣的一種美德”;而在第4段，作者又提到“我們已經(jīng)把瘦當(dāng)成是一種新的美德標(biāo)志”，故C正確。

　　2. 被普遍流行的潮流席卷，作者_(dá)_____________。

　　A) 在大部分時(shí)候都得節(jié)食 B) 仍可以避免自己偏離軌道

　　C) 不得不尋求富有的遠(yuǎn)親的幫助 D) 不得不穿非常時(shí)髦的衣服

　　[A]文章第2段提到“我自己也幻想能穿上窄小的名牌衣服。因此，為了……我也節(jié)食減肥”。因此，A正確。

　　3. 在人類(lèi)歷史上，人們對(duì)干體重的看法________________。

　　A) 與他們的宗教信仰息息相關(guān) B) 經(jīng)常發(fā)生變化

　　C) 在窮人和富人之間存在差異 D) 導(dǎo)致不同曲道德標(biāo)準(zhǔn)

　　[B]文章第3段“什么開(kāi)始時(shí)候吃黃油成了罪過(guò)，多長(zhǎng)點(diǎn)肉就會(huì)讓人失去魅力?”和“在一些宗教團(tuán)體里，財(cái)富是有望得到……而身體發(fā)福是富有和健康的標(biāo)志?！闭f(shuō)明看法是變化的，所以B正確。

　　4. 作者批評(píng)女人對(duì)纖瘦的迷戀，______________。

　　A) 是從經(jīng)濟(jì)和教育的角度出發(fā)的 B) 是從社會(huì)學(xué)和醫(yī)學(xué)的角度出發(fā)的

　　C) 是從歷史和宗教的立場(chǎng)為出發(fā)點(diǎn)的 D) 是從道德原則的角度出發(fā)的

　　[B]文章的第4段和第5段提到了道德和健康，因此可看出，作者是從社會(huì)學(xué)和醫(yī)學(xué)的角度批評(píng)了人們的觀點(diǎn)，所以B正確。

　　5. 對(duì)那些篤信纖瘦的女人，作者的建議是什么?

　　A) 他們應(yīng)該更關(guān)心整個(gè)生活方式。

　　B) 他們應(yīng)該小心一些致命的疾病。

　　C) 他們應(yīng)該增加體重，那會(huì)看上去更加健康。

　　D) 他們應(yīng)該拋棄對(duì)于出自設(shè)計(jì)師之手的服裝的幻想。

　　[A]文章第6段提到瘦身之后或者本來(lái)就不胖的人，如果以為可以自然而然健康起來(lái)而不必關(guān)注自己的整個(gè)生活方式，那才是危險(xiǎn)的。由此可推斷她們應(yīng)該多注意她們的生活方式.A符合題意。

　　【譯文】

　　女人無(wú)論多富都不算太富，無(wú)論多瘦都不算太瘦。這句常常被認(rèn)為是已故溫莎公爵夫人說(shuō)的話在很大程度上體現(xiàn)了我們這個(gè)時(shí)代的一種奇特的精神：[1]瘦被看做本身就是一種美德。

　　這種看法的問(wèn)題在于，有的人還真的試圖照這種方式生活。[2]我自己也常常有種種不切實(shí)際的想法，希望能穿上窄小的名牌服裝，因此，為了我的生命中的美好時(shí)光——或許也是悲慘時(shí)光——我也節(jié)食減肥。要是能有錢(qián)，當(dāng)然也不壞，不過(guò)，除非在遠(yuǎn)方有個(gè)從沒(méi)有聽(tīng)說(shuō)過(guò)的親戚突然去世給我留下幾百萬(wàn)美元的話，我是富不了的啦。

　　我們是什么時(shí)候誤入歧途的?[3]從什么時(shí)候開(kāi)始。吃黃油成了罪過(guò)，稍微多長(zhǎng)了一點(diǎn)肉就會(huì)讓人失去魅力，甚至令人生厭?所有宗教都會(huì)規(guī)定某幾個(gè)日子讓人們禁食，過(guò)量飲食還是基督教的七宗彌天大罪之一。然而，直到最近，大多數(shù)人還在為怎樣填飽肚子而而發(fā)愁。[3]在一些宗教團(tuán)體里，財(cái)富是有望得到救贖、擁有高尚德操的標(biāo)志，而身體發(fā)福則是富有和健康的標(biāo)志。

　　[1]而今，事情倒過(guò)來(lái)了。我們轉(zhuǎn)而把瘦作為美德的新的標(biāo)志。[4]結(jié)果，肥胖——有時(shí)不過(guò)是稍微有點(diǎn)超重——就是不好，因?yàn)樗凳具@個(gè)人缺少道德力量。

　　[4]我們迷戀于瘦身，還出于對(duì)健康的考慮。誠(chéng)然，在這個(gè)國(guó)度里，肥胖人數(shù)比以往任何時(shí)候都多，而且，肥胖還增加了罹患心血管疾病的風(fēng)險(xiǎn)。但是，這些疾病與肥胖有關(guān)，也與我們的生活方式以及高脂肪含量的食物有關(guān)。而消化系統(tǒng)發(fā)生癌變、也許更多是飲食問(wèn)題——太多脂肪、缺少纖維——而不是體重問(wèn)題。

　　因而，真正的問(wèn)題不在于我們太重了，而在于我們運(yùn)動(dòng)不足而且飲食不良。要想筋骨強(qiáng)壯、心肺健康，鍛煉必不可少。脂肪不多的均衡飲食也可以使我們避免許多癌病。我們實(shí)在不必如此關(guān)注我們的體重問(wèn)題。僅僅瘦是不夠的。[5]瘦身之后或者本來(lái)就不胖的人，如果以為可以自然而然健康起來(lái)而不必關(guān)注自己的整個(gè)生活方式，那才實(shí)在是危險(xiǎn)的。瘦可能純粹是一種虛榮。

?

第五篇

People traveling long distances frequently have to decide whether they would prefer to go by land. sea, or air. Hardly can anyone positively enjoy sitting in a train for mort than a few hours. Train compartments soon get cramped and stuffy. Reading is only a partial solution. for the monotonous rhythm of the wheels clicking on the rails soon lulls you to sleep. During the day, sleep comes in snatches. At night when you really wish to go to sleep you rarely manage to do so. Inevitably you arrive at your destination almost exhausted. Long car journey are even less pleasant. for it is quite impossible even to read. On motorways you can. at least, travel fairly safely at high speeds, but more often than not, the greater pan of the journey is spent on narrow. bumpy roads which are crowded wich traffic. By comparison, trips by sea offer a great variety of civilized comforts. You can stretch your legs on the spacious decks, play games, swim, meet interesting people and enjoy good food-always assuming, of course, that the sea is calm. If it is not and you are likely to get seasick; no form of transport could be worse. Even if you travel in ideal weather, sea journeys take a long time. Relatively few people are prepared to sacrifice up to a third of their holidays for the pleasure of traveling on a ship.

　　Airplanes have the reputation of being dangerous and expensive. But nothing can match them for speed and comfort. Traveling at a height of 30,000 feet. far above the clouds, and at over 500 miles an hour is an exhilarating experience. For a few hours, you settle back in a deep armchair to enjoy the flight. The real escapist can watch a free film show and sip champagne on some services. But even when such refinements are not available, there is plenty to keep you occupied. An airplane offers you an unusual and breathtaking view of the world. You soar effortlessly over high mountains and deep valleys. You really see the shape of the land. If the landscape is hidden from the view. you can enjoy the extraordinary sight of unbroken cloud plains that stretch om for miles before you, while the sun shines brilliantly in a clear sky. The journey is so smooth that there is nothing to prevent you from reading or sleeping. However you decide to spend your time, one thing is certain: you will arrive at your destination fresh and uncrumpled.

　　【試題】

　　1. The author indicates that reading can help lessen_______________.

　　A) the boredom of being in the train

　　B) the tiresome clicking of the wheels

　　C) the sleeplessness during the journey

　　D) the poor ventilation of the compartment

　　2. what can we leam about the long distance journey by car?

　　A) It is safe because the car usually goes at high speeds.

　　B) It is monotonous because reading is quite impossible.

　　C) It is exhausting because you seldom manage to sleep.

　　D) It is dangerous because the traffic is always too dense.

　　3. Trips by sea is regarded as the worst means of traveling when______________.

　　A) the weather is terrible B) the traveler has little time

　　C) the traveler feels seasick D) the sea is not calm

　　4. What is the greatest difference between traveling by air and the other means of traveling?

　　A) Traveling by air is not so tiring as the others.

　　B) Traveling by air brings more fun than the others.

　　C) Traveling by air is much more expensive than the others.

　　D) Traveling by air offers more time for sleep than the others.

　　5. By writing the passage the author intends to_______________.

　　A) introduce diverse ways of traveling

　　B) points out the best mode of traveling

　　C) emphasize the advantages of traveling by air

　　D) compare the means of relaxing when traveling

　　【選項(xiàng)翻譯與答案】

　　1. 作者指出，閱讀可以幫助緩解________________。

　　A) 坐火車(chē)時(shí)的無(wú)聊 B) 車(chē)輪令人疲憊的聲音

　　C) 旅程中的睡意 D)車(chē)廂中通風(fēng)不良的情況

　　[A]原文該段第4句表明閱讀是a partial solution,這表明閱讀有助于解決某個(gè)問(wèn)題，而這個(gè)問(wèn)題就是該段第2句和第3句提到的坐長(zhǎng)途火車(chē)會(huì)讓人覺(jué)得煩悶，由此可見(jiàn)，本題答案應(yīng)為選項(xiàng)A。

　　2.關(guān)于長(zhǎng)途汽車(chē)旅行，我們了解到什么信息?

　　A)很安生，因?yàn)槠?chē)通常速度很快。 B)很單調(diào)，因?yàn)椴豢赡芸磿?shū)。

　　C) 很辛苦，因?yàn)楦倦y以入睡。 　　 D)很危險(xiǎn)，因?yàn)榭偸翘嘬?chē)。

　　[B]首段第8句中的for引出一個(gè)原因從句，表明一種因果關(guān)系，而選項(xiàng)B表達(dá)的因果關(guān)系與此相同，因此為本題答案。原文該段第9句提到了safely at high speeds，但安全和高速之間并不存在因果關(guān)系，因此選項(xiàng)A不正確;選項(xiàng)C沒(méi)在原文提及，建項(xiàng)D的因果關(guān)系也不正確。

　　3. 海上旅行是最糟糕的旅行方式，當(dāng)_____________。

　　A) 天氣很差的時(shí)候 B) 旅行者時(shí)間很少的時(shí)候

　　C) 旅行者暈船的時(shí)候 D)海上不平靜的時(shí)候

　　[C]首段倒數(shù)第3句指出了兩種因果關(guān)系：第一，海洋不平靜會(huì)導(dǎo)致你暈船;第二，暈船會(huì)讓你覺(jué)得坐船是最糟糕的交通方式，由此可見(jiàn)，本題應(yīng)選C。在原文雖有提及weather，但與題干關(guān)系不大，故A不對(duì);時(shí)間的問(wèn)題雖在下一句提及，但與題干不構(gòu)成因果關(guān)系，故B不正確;D是因其暈船的原因，與題干之間的因果關(guān)系不直接，故也不對(duì)。

　　4. 坐飛機(jī)旅行與采用其他交通方式旅行的最大差別是什么?

　　A) 坐飛機(jī)不像其他交通工具那么累。

　　B) 坐飛機(jī)比其他的交通工具更有樂(lè)趣。

　　C) 坐飛機(jī)比其他的變通工具更貴。

　　D) 坐飛機(jī)時(shí)的睡眠時(shí)間可以比乘坐其他交通工具更長(zhǎng)。

　　[A]雖然文章沒(méi)有明顯地比較飛機(jī)與其他交通方式，但是從首段的內(nèi)容來(lái)看，可以知道當(dāng)作者描述其他交通方式時(shí)，都提到它們很累人，而第2段末句中的fresh and uncrumpled表明坐飛機(jī)旅行不會(huì)讓旅行者覺(jué)得累，由此可見(jiàn)，本題應(yīng)選A。

　　5. 作者寫(xiě)本文的目的是_______________________.

　　A) 介紹旅游的各種方式 B)指出旅游的最佳方式

　　C) 強(qiáng)調(diào)坐飛機(jī)旅游的好處 D)比較旅游時(shí)各種放松的方式

　　[A]作者在原文首句提到了三種交通方式，然后分別描述了三種方式各自的特點(diǎn)，由此可見(jiàn)，作者寫(xiě)本文是為了介紹三種不同的交通方式，故選A。作者只是描述三種交通方式的特點(diǎn)，沒(méi)有突山哪一個(gè)是最好的，困此選項(xiàng)B不正確;選項(xiàng)C只是第2段的內(nèi)容，并非全文主題，因此也不是正確答案;本文的主題是交通方式，并非relaxing(放松的方式)，因此選項(xiàng)D不正確。

　　【參考譯文】

　　[5]人們長(zhǎng)途旅行的時(shí)候通常都要做出決定，選擇究竟走陸路、走海路還是坐飛機(jī)。[l]幾乎很少有人真正喜歡坐超過(guò)幾個(gè)鐘頭的火車(chē)?；疖?chē)車(chē)廂很快就擠滿人，讓人感到氣悶!讀書(shū)并不能解決所有問(wèn)題，因?yàn)檐?chē)輪在軌道上單調(diào)而有節(jié)奏的咔嗒咔嗒聲會(huì)催人入眠。白天睡眠斷斷續(xù)續(xù)，晚上你真的想睡時(shí)卻很難入睡。你到達(dá)目的地的時(shí)候，幾乎不可避免地精疲力竭。[2]坐長(zhǎng)途汽車(chē)的樂(lè)趣更少，因?yàn)槟銕缀醪豢赡茉谲?chē)上讀書(shū)。車(chē)子走高速公路的時(shí)候，至少車(chē)速快而且安全，但往往旅程的大半得走狹窄、顛簸而又交通擁擠的路。相對(duì)而言，坐郵輪旅行就優(yōu)雅舒適得多了。你可以在寬敞的甲板上伸展雙腳，你可以玩游戲、游泳、碰上各種有趣的人和享用美食——當(dāng)然，這些的前提都得是：海洋是平靜的。[3]否則，你很可能暈船，那將是最糟糕的。但是，即使是天氣很好，走海路也要花很長(zhǎng)時(shí)問(wèn)。相對(duì)而言，很少有人打算犧牲三分一以上的假期來(lái)享受海上旅行的快樂(lè)。

　　人人都知道坐飛機(jī)既危險(xiǎn)又花錢(qián)。但沒(méi)有什么比坐飛機(jī)旅行來(lái)得更快捷更舒適了。在3萬(wàn)英尺高空的云層之上，以超過(guò)500英里的時(shí)速旅行是很令人愜意的。你可以舒舒服服地深深地靠在扶手椅上飛行幾個(gè)小時(shí)。真正想擺脫俗務(wù)的人在旅途中能享受些服務(wù)，看一出免費(fèi)電影，或者是啜飲香檳酒。即使沒(méi)有這么高檔的享受，也有許多辦法讓你打發(fā)時(shí)光。在飛機(jī)上你可以看到不同尋常、令人驚詫的世界風(fēng)景。你毫不費(fèi)力地飛過(guò)高山和深谷。你真切看到大地的形狀。如果你看不到風(fēng)景，你也可以欣賞到非常特別的、無(wú)邊無(wú)際的云海，在你的眼前延綿數(shù)英里，太陽(yáng)在晴朗的天空上發(fā)出耀眼的光芒。航程非常平穩(wěn)，你可以安心閱讀和睡覺(jué)。[4]不管你怎樣安排你的時(shí)間，有一件事是確定無(wú)疑的：你將會(huì)精神煥發(fā)、毫無(wú)倦意地到達(dá)目的地。

　　

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