如果你總是被聽力虐哭,說明你的聽前預(yù)讀做得還不夠熟練,聽前預(yù)讀是有技巧的~

后臺曾經(jīng)有個小倒霉蛋讀者,考試當(dāng)天聽力耳機放書包里結(jié)果水杯漏水,耳機被泡壞了沒法用,就是用聽前預(yù)讀技巧做的題,最后聽力得了160分左右圖片

今天就來講講這5大技巧。收好不謝~

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寫在前面:四六級考場上時間緊張,尤其聽力分秒必爭。在短時間內(nèi),充分預(yù)讀選項就顯得非常必要。

預(yù)讀的目標(biāo):
①推測對話或者文章的主題是什么;
②題目可能會如何提問;
③根據(jù)猜題原則鎖定正確答案的范圍或者排除錯誤答案。

這三個目標(biāo)是遞進的。

聽起來很難?不是的。

其實預(yù)讀是有規(guī)律可循的,原因有二。

第一,很多選項都有比較明顯的特點,或使用某種特定的表達形式,如均為動詞不定式或均為名詞短語等。

第二,含有一些標(biāo)志性的詞語,如比較級結(jié)構(gòu)等。

通過這些選項特點我們可以推測題目可能考查的核心內(nèi)容,從而在聽音時更有針對性。

今天通過分析16年四級聽力真題選項,來給大家示范如何正確聽前預(yù)測。

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1.預(yù)讀各小題預(yù)測聽力主題


迅速瀏覽所有題目選項,將所考查的主題內(nèi)容結(jié)合在一起,往往可以大致推斷出整段聽力材料(不管是新聞、對話、短文或講座)的主題。

有的同學(xué)不知道讀哪幾道題,試卷上黑色字體已經(jīng)告訴你啦!

比如,試卷上看到:
Questions 1 to 2 are based on the conversation you have just heard.

這就表明,1和2是針對同一段聽力材料的~ 迅速瀏覽第一題和第二題,便可推斷主題。

以2016年6月四級聽力為例:

Questions 1 and 2 are based onthe news report you have just heard.?

1.
A)
How college students can improve their??
sleep habits.

B)
Why sufficient sleep is important for??
college students.

C)
Why college students are more likely to??
have stress problems.

D)
How college students can handle their??
psychological problems.

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2.
A)
It is not easy to improve one's sleep? habits.

B)
It is not good for students to play? video?
games.

C)
Students who are better prepared? generally?
get higher scores in examinations.

D)
Making last-minute preparations for? tests?
may be less effective than sleeping.

快速瀏覽選項,可知本段聽力與大學(xué)生、睡眠習(xí)慣有關(guān)。

反復(fù)出現(xiàn)的主題詞提示:college students, sleep habits, sleep等。

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2.選項均以動詞的某種形式開頭


含有這類選項的問題通常提問指向“行為活動”。根據(jù)動詞的不同形式,問題考查的重點也不同。

1? 選項均以動詞原形開頭,問題大多是關(guān)于建議某人做某事,有時也表示為了某種目的而要做某事。
如下題所示:

3.
A)
Serve standardized? food nationwide.

B)
Put calorie? information on the menu.

C)
Increase protein? content in the food.

D)
Offer convenient? food to customers.

【對應(yīng)問題】:
Q3. What are big fast food chains in New York City require to do according to the new rule?

2? 選項均以動名詞開頭,問題大多是關(guān)于某個正在進行的動作或者某項計劃或打算。

如下題所示:

10.
A)
Listening to language programs on the radio.

B)
Trying to speak it as much as one can.

C)
Making friends with native speakers.

D)
Practicing reading aloud as often?
as possible.


【對應(yīng)問題】:
10. What does the woman suggest doing to learn to speak a foreign language?

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3 選項均以不定式開頭,問題很可能是關(guān)于做某事的目的,或是計劃、承諾或要求做某事。

如下題所示:

25.
A)
To persuade girls to stop dieting.

B)
To promote her own concept of beauty.

C)
To establish an emotional connection?
with students.

D)
To help students rid themselves of bad?
living habits.

【對應(yīng)問題】:
25. What is Jody Harbert's main purpose in giving her speeches?


4 選項均以介詞+動名詞開頭,問題肯定是關(guān)于做某事的方式方法的。這種題目基本是送分題。注意聽原文中的動詞(比較曲折的過程中最后成功的那種方式,或者注意聽有無重復(fù)題目中的介詞+動名詞)。


如下題所示:

17.
A)
By covering the credit card with a? layer?
of plastic.

B)
By calling the credit card company for?
confirmation.

C)
By seeking help from the card reader??
maker Verifone.

D)
By typing the credit card number into the
cash register.

【對應(yīng)問題】:

17. How did Sam Azar manage to complete the sale?

再舉一個栗子:

20.
A)
By consulting the examining committee.

B)
By reading the Bulletin of Information.

C)
By contacting the departmental office.

D)
By visiting the university's website.

【對應(yīng)問題】:

20. How can new graduate students learn who their advisers are?

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3.選項中含有表示評論或感受的動詞


如果選項中含有think, like, dislike, enjoy,agree, disagree, mind, reasonable, wise, absurd, disgusting等一類的詞語,聽力材料或問題很可能是關(guān)于對某人或某事物的評價或感受。

1. 四個選項中如均含有表示評論或感受的詞,則表示問題是關(guān)于對人或事物的評價或感受。

2. 如其中只有個別選項含有表示評論或感受的詞,則表示聽力材料中很可能涉及到對人或事物的評價或感受,問題則不一定會涉及。

舉個栗子,

14.
A)
They tend to drive responsibly.

B)
They like to go at high speed.

C)
They keep within speed limits.

D)
They follow traffic rules closely.


【對應(yīng)問題】:
14. What can we learn about people driving in Germany?

這道題目就屬于情況2,個別選項含有評論或感受詞的情況,而問題則沒有涉及評價。

所以提醒大家在預(yù)讀選項時,注意看閣主所說的標(biāo)志詞是否在4個選項都出現(xiàn)了。

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4.選項中含有比較結(jié)構(gòu)

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如果選項中含有形容詞或副詞的比較級或最高級,或是其他表示比較的詞語,則聽力材料或問題很可能涉及人或事物之間的異同點或優(yōu)劣的比較,或是涉及某個人或事物某方面的變化或發(fā)展。

1. 四個選項中如均含有比較級或表示比較的詞,則表示問題是關(guān)于人或事物之間的比較或是人或事物的變化。

2. 如其中只有個別選項中含有比較級,則表示聽力材料中很可能涉及到人或事物之間的比較或是人或事物的變化,問題則不一定會涉及。
如下題所示:

21.
A)
They specify the number of credits? students?
must earn.

B)
They are harder to meet than those for?
undergraduates.

C)
They have to be approved by the?
examining committee.

D)
They are the same among various divisions?
of the university.


【對應(yīng)問題】:
21. What does the speaker say about graduation requirements??

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5.選項均為名詞性短語


如果4個選項均為概括性較強的名詞或名詞性短語,且各項內(nèi)容差異較大,問題則很可能是問對話所談?wù)摰闹黝}或?qū)υ捴谐霈F(xiàn)的某一事件或問題的主題。

比如:

4.
A)
Inefficient management.

B)
Poor ownership structure.

C)
Lack of innovation and competition.

D)
Lack of runway and terminal capacity.

【對應(yīng)問題】:
4. What is the root cause of the poor service at British airports according to the British Airports Authority?

題目問到的就是這段聽力材料談?wù)摰闹黝}——英國機場服務(wù)質(zhì)量差的根本原因。

大家可以在預(yù)讀的時候在題目旁邊簡單標(biāo)注一下,如:目的、對比、態(tài)度、方式,等等。


以上就是今天的主要內(nèi)容了,
大家快快get起來聽力預(yù)讀技能呀!