滬江英語綠寶書之

2011年12月大學(xué)英語六級考試
Listening Comprehension
全卷匯總
Part I Writing
【標(biāo)準(zhǔn)版】
The Way to Success
Success is something everyone looks for, longs for and dies for. But have you ever considered what success is? Some may hold that success means one has beautiful life, like pretty house, cool cars and great power. It’s indeed one way to define success. But to me, success is doing something one really feels like doing.
To achieve this kind of success, one has to bear in mind three essential prerequisites, namely knowing where your interest really lies in, possessing the strong will to pursue your interest and having the diligence to realize your dream. In other words, they are “what” “why” and “how” of success. It’s really luckily good for one, especially for the younger generation of today to find their dreams, follow them and in the end, make them come true and become successful.
Although it’s never easy to succeed, progressing with the strong will and diligence towards the right direction, you’ll be the one!
【作文解析】
這是一篇議論文。作者首先提出問題”what is success?”,但并沒有在這個問題上著更多的筆墨，而是直接引出了自己的觀點：success is doing something one really feels like doing. 算是立意較為新穎的地方。隨后在第二段對這種成功背后的三種必要條件做出了闡述。整體看，行文流暢，用語規(guī)范地道。

本篇亮點：
1. 排比詞組或句子的運用：
Success is something everyone looks for, longs for and dies for.
…namely, knowing where your interest really lies in, possessing the strong will to pursue your interest and having the diligence to realize your dream.
2. bear in mind
3. lie in
4. strong will to pursue your interest

本文有待提高之處：
1. 文中人稱有些混亂。有些使用第二人稱代指讀者，有些又以第三人稱指代，建議統(tǒng)一。
2. 結(jié)構(gòu)上，一般情況下我們建議考生使用典型的“三段式”，即，提出問題、分析問題、解決問題。該作者基本上遵循了這個原則，但第三段更多的卻是重復(fù)了第二段的中心思想，并沒有起到很好的總結(jié)作用。如果第三段，作者可以與第一段的“成功定義”相呼應(yīng)，例如：即使沒有這些身外之物，但心靈上的滿足，夢想的實現(xiàn)，才是我心中成功的本質(zhì)。

整體看，文章在語言表達和立意上還不錯。但在文章結(jié)構(gòu)上有些松散，有待提高。

【高分版】
The Way to Success First essay—stream of thought type

The Way to Success
"Genius is one percent inspiration and ninety-nine percent perspiration." And here comes our question, what is the way to success?
A strong will and great efforts are the most essential two keys to the door of success.
Why do people fail to achieve their goal? The reason is that most of them give up halfway due to their lack of a strong will once they encounter any difficulty. A man of a strong will always sticks to his cause no matter how tough it might be.
Would Thomas Edison be such a great man in history if he had done nothing but possessing a strong will? We are all familiar with his story that he had tried one thousand kinds of materials before he finally made his great bulb light up. Without hard effort, Edison might have been a nobody. Without efforts, no one can succeed.
To sum up, a strong will and great efforts can help one open up the way to success. Where there is a will with efforts, there is a way.
【作文解析】
本次六級考試作文題為The way to success，與本次四級考試作文Nothing succeeds without a strong will遙相呼應(yīng)，大同小異，都是在討論成功這一話題。
此次六級考試作文的話題依然是老生常談，即通往成功的道路，相信很多考生對此并不陌生，背過范文的同學(xué)寫起來肯定也是得心應(yīng)手。
該范文段落結(jié)構(gòu)清晰，闡釋說理也足以讓人信服，是一篇不錯的作文。
開篇作者通過引用愛迪生關(guān)于天才的一句名言來引出問題，吸引讀者注意，引起讀者的思考。緊隨其后，作者就開門見山地亮出了自己的觀點：只有堅強的意志和不懈的努力才能打開成功的大門。
第二段，作者同樣以一個問題來引領(lǐng)全段，引發(fā)思考。然后通過對比不成功和最終成功的人的不同表現(xiàn)，來闡釋堅強的意志對獲得成功的重要作用。
第三段，作者進一步闡釋“僅有堅強的意志，沒有實在的努力，也能成功嗎？”同樣是先發(fā)問，然后舉了愛迪生的事例，來證明答案是否定的。舉名人的例子，而非個人的實例來作為文章的論據(jù)才更有說服力，這也是這篇作文的高明之處。
最后一段，作者先以第一句話進行了總結(jié)，然后為了加強作文結(jié)尾的力度，作者還對名言“Where there is a will, there is way”進行了改編，換成了自己的觀點，為我所用，這也是本篇范文的一個兩點之處。注意，寫作文時對名言進行恰當(dāng)?shù)馗木帲粌H能體現(xiàn)幽默創(chuàng)新的一面，同樣也體現(xiàn)了作者不錯的文字駕馭技巧，考官也是很歡迎這樣的文章的。

Part II Reading Comprehension(Skimming and Scanning)
1. Google claims its plan for the world’s biggest online library is _____
A. to save out-of-print books in libraries.
B. to serve the interest of the general public
C. to encourage reading around the world
D. to promote its core business of searching
【答案】B. to serve the interest of the general public
【解析】關(guān)鍵詞：claims its motives。關(guān)鍵句：The company claims its motives are essentially public-spirited. Its overall mission, after all, is to "organise the world's information", so it would be odd if that information did not include books.

2. According to Santiago de la Mora, Google’s book-scanning project will
A. help the broad masses of readers
B. broaden humanity’s intellectual horizons
C. make full use of the power of its search engine
D. revolutionise the entire book industry
【答案】B. broaden humanity’s intellectual horizons
【解析】關(guān)鍵詞：Santiago de la Mora。關(guān)鍵句：As Santiago de la Mora, head of Google Books for Europe, puts it: "By making it possible to search the millions of books that exist today, we hope to expand the frontiers of human knowledge."

3. Opponents of Google Books believe that digitally archiving the world's books should be controlledby_______.
A) the world’s tech giants
B)the world’s leading libraries
C)non-profit organizations
D)multinational companies
【答案】C. non-profit organizations
【解析】關(guān)鍵詞：Opponent。關(guān)鍵句：In a recent essay in the New York Review of Books, Robert Darnton, the head of Harvard University's library, argued that because such books are a common resource – the possession of us all – only public, not-for-profit bodies should be given the power to control them.

4. 4. Google has involved itself in a legal battle as it ignored______.
A. the copyright of authors of out-of -print books
B. the interest of traditional sellers
C. the copyright of the books it scanned
D. the differences of in-print and out-of-print books.
【答案】C. the copyright of the books it scanned
【解析】關(guān)鍵詞：legal battle 。關(guān)鍵句：At its centre, however, is one simple issue: that of copyright. The inconvenient fact about most books, to which Google has arguably paid insufficient attention, is that they are protected by copyright.

5. Google defends its scanning in-copyright books by saying that __________.
A) making electronic copies of books is not a violation of copyright
B) the online display of in-copyright books is not for commercial use
C) it is willing to compensate the copyright holders
D) it displays only a small part of their content
【答案】B. the online display of in-copyright books is not for commercial use
【解析】關(guān)鍵詞：defends。關(guān)鍵句：In its defence, Google points out that it displays only snippets of books that are in copyright – arguing that such displays are "fair use".

6. What do we learn about the class action suit against Google?
A. It ended in a victory for the Authors Guild of America.
B . It was settled after more than two years of negotiations.
C . It failed to protect the interest of American publishers.
D. It could lead to more out-of-court settlements of such disputes.
【答案】 B. It was settle after more than two years of negotiation.
【解析】關(guān)鍵詞：the class action suit 。關(guān)鍵句：In 2005, the Authors Guild of America, together with a group of US publishers and publishers, launched a class action suit against Google that, after more than two years of wrangling, ended with an announcement last October that Google and the claimants had reached an out-of-court settlement.

7. What remained controversial after the class action suit ended?
A. The compensation for copyright holders.
B. The change in Google's business model.
C. Google's further exploitation of its database.
D. The commercial provisions of the settlement.
【答案】D. The commercial provision of the settlement
【解析】關(guān)鍵詞：controversial。關(guān)鍵句： It is these commercial provisions that are proving the settlement's most controversial aspect.

8. While_______, Google makes money by selling advertising.
【答案】Providing information for free
【解析】關(guān)鍵詞：advertising。關(guān)鍵句："Google's business model has always been to provide information for free, and sell advertising on the basis of the traffic this generates,"

9. Books whose copyright holders are not known are called_______.
【答案】orphan works
【解析】關(guān)鍵詞：copyright holder 。關(guān)鍵句：Interest in this aspect of the settlement has focused on "orphan" works, where there is no known copyright holder – these make up an estimated 5% to 10% of the books Google has scanned.

10. Google’s entrance into digital bookselling will tremendously _______ in the future.
【答案】change the world’s book market
【解析】關(guān)鍵詞：digital book selling。關(guān)鍵句：But what is certain is that, in some way or another, Google's entrance into digital bookselling will have a significant impact on the book world in years to come.

Part III Listening Comprehension
Section A
Directions: In this section, you will hear 8 short conversations and2 long conversations. At the end of each conversation, one or more questions will be asked about what was said. Both the conversation and the questions will be spoken only once. After each question there will be a pause. During the pause, you must read the four choices marked A), B), C) and D), and decide which is the best answer. Then mark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 2 with a single line through the centre.

11.
M: I don’t know what to do. I have to drive to Chicago next Friday for my cousin’s wedding, but I have got a Psychology test to prepare for.
W: Why don’t you record your notes so you can study on the way?
Q: What does the woman suggest the man do?
【答案】A）Listen to the recorded notes while driving.

12.
M: Professor Wright, you may have to find another student to play this role, the lines are so long and I simply can’t remember them all.
W: Look, Tony. It is still a long time before the first show. I don’t expect you to know all the lines yet. Just keep practicing.
Q: What do we learn from the conversation?
【答案】C）The man lacks confidence in playing the part.

13.
M: Hello, this is Dr. Martin from the Emergency Department. I have a male patient with a fractured ankle.
W: Oh, we have one bed available in ward 3, send him here and I will take care of him.
Q: What are the speakers talking about?
【答案】A）Arranging a bed for a patient.

14.
W: Since Simon will graduate this May, the school paper needs a new editor. So if you are interested, I will be happy to nominate you.
M: Thanks for considering me. But the baseball team is starting up a new season. And I’m afraid I have a lot on my hands.
Q: What does the man mean?
【答案】A）He is too busy to accept more responsibility.

15. W: Have you heard the news that Jame Smeil has resigned his post as prime minister?
M: Well, I got it from the headlines this morning. It’s reported that he made public at this decision at the last cabinet meeting.
Q: what do we learn about Jame Smeil?
【答案】C) He has left his position in the government.

16. W: The morning paper says the space shuttle is taking off at 10 a.m. tomorrow.
M: Yeah, it’s just another one of this year’s routine missions. The first mission was undertaken a decade ago and broadcast live then worldwide.
Q: what can we infer from this conversation?
【答案】D) The man is well informed about the space shuttle missions.

17. M: We do a lot of camping in the mountains. What would you recommend for two people?
W: You’d probably be better off with the four reel drive vehicle. We have several off-road trucks in stock, both new and used.
Q: Where does the conversation most probably take place?
【答案】A) At a car renting company

18. W: I hear you did some serious shopping this past weekend.
M: Yeah, the speakers of my old stereo finally gave out and there was no way to repair them.
Q: What did the man do over the weekend?
【答案】更新中……

Conversation One
W: Now, could you tell me where the idea for the business first came from?
M: Well, the original shop was opened by a retired printer by the name of Gruby. Mr Gruby being left-handed himself, thought of the idea to try to promote a few products for left-handers.
W: And how did he then go about actually setting up the business?
M: Well, he looked for any left-handed products that might already be on the market which were very few. And then contacted the manufactures with the idea of having products produced for him, mainly in the scissors range to start with.
W: Right. So you do commission some part of your stock.
M: Yes, very much so. About 75 percent of our stock is specially made for us.
W: And the rest of it?
M: Hmm, the rest of it now, some 25, 30 years after Mr. Gruby’s initial efforts, there are more left-handed product actually on the market. Manufactures are now beginning to see that there is a market for left-handed products.
W: And what’s the range of your stock?
M: The range consists of a variety of scissors from children scissors to scissors for tailors, hairdressers etc. We also have a large range of kitchen ware.
W: What’s the competition like? Do you have quite a lot of competition?
M: There are other people in the business now in specialists, but only as mail-order outlets. But we have a shop here in central London plus a mail-order outlet. And we are without any doubt the largest supplier of the left-handed items.
【材料評析】
這是一篇采訪一名專為左撇子們提供產(chǎn)品的供應(yīng)商的文章。文中分別談到了創(chuàng)業(yè)理念的來源、產(chǎn)業(yè)如何創(chuàng)始、產(chǎn)業(yè)日前發(fā)展?fàn)顩r以及這家產(chǎn)品供應(yīng)商所面對的行業(yè)現(xiàn)狀。具體細節(jié)為：創(chuàng)業(yè)理念開始于一名名叫Gruby的退休印刷工，他本人是一名左撇子，所以想到找生產(chǎn)商幫他實現(xiàn)自己所想的專門為左撇子設(shè)計產(chǎn)品的理念。而這家供應(yīng)商目前面對的行業(yè)現(xiàn)狀為：市面上已有的左撇子產(chǎn)品比最初創(chuàng)業(yè)之時，增加了許多；但銷售渠道來源主要是網(wǎng)絡(luò)訂單。而這些，并不對這家供應(yīng)商公司構(gòu)成競爭威脅，因為他們在倫敦有門店和網(wǎng)絡(luò)銷售的雙重渠道。因此他們是這種左撇子產(chǎn)品的最大供應(yīng)商。

本篇文章為考查細節(jié)信息抓取能力題。難度較大主要因為考生可能對產(chǎn)品制造加工行業(yè)涉及到的manufacture、stock、mail-order outlet 、supplier等專業(yè)術(shù)語不太熟悉，而形成困擾。但考生只要能聽出這是一篇采訪類型的文章，每次都能聽到女士（采訪者）的問題非常簡短，應(yīng)該立即警惕答案應(yīng)該是針對男士（被訪者）的回答提問。而女士（采訪者）的問題中本身就已經(jīng)暗示出接下來的回答中的關(guān)鍵詞。如：女士問的“And what’s the range of your stock?”一句中，stock即為關(guān)鍵信息詞。因此，這篇文章同時也提醒考生平時應(yīng)該注意商務(wù)用語和商業(yè)常識方面的積累。

Q19: What kind of business does the man engaged in?
Q20: What does the man say about his stock of products?
Q21: What does the man say about other people in his line of business?

Conversation Two
M: Can we make you an offer? We would like to run the campaign for four extra weeks.
W: Well, can we summarize the problem from my point of view? First of all, the campaign was late. It missed two important trade affairs. The ads also did not appear into key magazines. As a result, the campaign failed. Do you accept that summary of what happened?
M: Well, the delay wasn’t entirely our fault. You did in fact make late changes to the specifications of the advertisements.
W: Uh, actually, you were late with the initial proposals so you have very little time and in fact, we only asked for small changes.
M: Well whatever, can we repeat our offer to run the campaign for 4 extra weeks?
W: That’s not really the point. The campaign missed two key trade affairs. Because of this, we are asking you either to repeat the campaign next year for free, or we only pay 50% of the fee for this year.
M: Could we suggest a 20% reduction to the fee together with the four week sustention to the campaign.
W: We are not happy. We lost business.
M: I think we both made mistakes. The responsibility is on both sides.
W: Ok, let’s suggest a new solution. How about a 40% cut in fee, or a free repeat campaign?
M: Well, let’s take a break, we’re not getting very far. Perhaps we should think about this.
【材料評析】
這篇對話是圍繞一次商業(yè)活動的推廣是否延期和如何收費的討論。對話中，女士否決了延期四周這個提議。理由是這次的活動已經(jīng)錯過了兩個重要的商業(yè)活動事件，而且也沒有在重要雜志上打廣告。而男士則堅持要求延期，并表示：活動被耽擱的原因是女士所在公司沒有及時給出對廣告的修改。而男士認(rèn)為是女士所在公司提交細節(jié)修改建議太晚而導(dǎo)致耽擱。女士堅持無需延期，且不應(yīng)延期，而應(yīng)定為活動失敗。因此，女士向男士的公司提出降低收費或者明年免費為她們公司做活動的要求。最后，男士提出延期四周并給出20%的降價?？上咳匀灰蟾偷?0%的降價和下一期的免費活動推廣。而男士提出還需再議。顯然，他對此提議并不表示贊同。

這篇文章總體不難，考查文章大意。而文章本身圍繞是否延期和如何收費這個中心討論點展開，沒有較生僻的詞匯。但值得注意的是，考生需要通過對話推知談話者的身份，并對說話者的語氣和話外音所包含的內(nèi)容有所把握。另外，這是一篇在真實的商務(wù)談判場景中會經(jīng)常出現(xiàn)的狀況?？忌⒁馄綍r對商業(yè)和商務(wù)常識方面的知識積累，會對把握整個聽力對話的大意很有幫助。

22: What do we learn about the man’s company?
23: Why was the campaign delayed according to the man?
24: What does the woman propose as a solution to the problem?
25: What does the man suggest they do at the end of the conversation?

Section B
Passage One
The University of Tennessee’s Walters Life Sciences building, is a model animal facility, spotlessly clean, careful in obtaining prior approval for experiments from an animal care committee. Of the 15,000 mice house there in a typical year, most give their lives for humanity. These are good mice and as such won the protection of the animal care committee. At any given time however some mice escape and run free. These mice are pests. They can disrupt experiments with the bacteria organisms they carry. They are bad mice and must be captured and destroyed. Usually, this is accomplished by means of sticky traps, a kind of fly paper on which they become increasingly stuck. But the real point of the cautionary tale, says animal behaviorist Herzau, is that the labels we put on things can affect our moral responses to them. Using stick traps or the more deadly snap traps would be deemed unacceptable for good mice. Yet the killing of bad mice requires no prior approval. Once the research animal hits the floor and becomes an escapee, says Herza, its moral standard is instantly diminished. In Herzau’s own home, there was more ironic example when his young son’s pet mouse Willy died recently, it was accorded a tearful ceremonial burial in garden. Yet even as they mourned Willy, says Herzau, he and his wife were setting snap traps to kill the pest mice in their kitchen with the bare change in labels from pet to pest, the kitchen mice obtained totally different moral standards
【材料評析】
本篇文章主要是講述人們對待老鼠不同的道德態(tài)度。
同是一個實驗室里面老鼠，如果是為了人類實驗做貢獻，就是人們眼中的好老鼠；而一旦老鼠從實驗室里面跑出來，攜帶病菌危害到了人類健康，那么這些逃跑掉的老鼠就成為了人們眼中的壞老鼠。人類會使用那些捕鼠夾子來消滅壞老鼠，但是對待好老鼠的時候態(tài)度截然不同，比如作者兒子的寵物老鼠死掉了，他們家甚至給它辦了一場葬禮。
作者的觀點就是：如果我們對一樣事物貼上了標(biāo)簽，那么在道德層面上，我們內(nèi)心會根據(jù)標(biāo)簽的不同作出不同的反應(yīng)。并不是事物本身有任何好與不好，只是人類自作主張給各個事物貼上了不同的標(biāo)簽。

Questions:
26 What does the passage say about most of the mice used for experiments?
【答案】D）They sacrifice their lives for the benefit of humans.
27 Why did the so-called bad mice have to be captured and destroyed?
【答案】C) They may affect the results of experiments.
28 When are mice killed without prior approval?
【答案】C) When they become escapees.
29, Why does the speaker say what the Herzau’s did at home is ironical?
【答案】A）While holding a burial ceremony for a pet mouse, they were killing pest mice.

Passage Two
There are roughly three New Yorks. There is, first, the New York of the man or woman who was born here, who takes the city for granted and accepts its size and its turbulence as natural and inevitable. Second, there is the New York of the commuter — the city that is swallowed up by locusts each day and spat out each night. Third, there is the New York of the person who was born somewhere else and came to New York in quest of something. Of these three trembling cities the greatest is the last, the city of final destination, the city that has a goal. It is this third city that accounts for New York's high-strung disposition, its poetical deportment, its dedication to the arts, and its incomparable achievements. Commuters give the city its tidal restlessness; natives give it solidity and continuity; but the settlers give it passion. And whether it is a farmer arriving from Italy to set up a small grocery store in a slum, or a young girl arriving from a small town in Mississippi to escape the indignity of being observed by her neighbors, or a boy arriving from the Corn Belt with a manuscript in his suitcase and a pain in his heart, it makes no difference: each embraces New York with the intense excitement of first love, each absorbs New York with the fresh eyes of an adventurer, each generates heat and light to dwarf the Consolidated Edison Company.
【材料評析】
這篇文章的主題是城市和文化。屬于散文性質(zhì)。
講述了不同的人帶給紐約不同的氣息。第一種，紐約本地人，讓紐約完整持續(xù)；第二種，紐約上班族，讓紐約躁動不安；第三種，來紐約尋夢的人，他們讓紐約充滿熱情。作者在內(nèi)心覺得紐約正是因為有這樣三種人才能如此閃耀光彩，尤其是最后一類人，為紐約做出的貢獻最大。
本篇文章中，The Three New Yorks 具有雙關(guān)含義，既可以指紐約城，也可以指紐約人。有些學(xué)生可能看到這里就沒看懂。遇到這種情況應(yīng)該先接著往后看，然后猜這個three New Yorks到底指什么。

Questions 30 to 32 are based on the passage you have just heard.
30. What does the speaker say about the natives of New York?
【答案】D) They take it for granted.
31. What does the speaker say commuters give to New York?
【答案】A) Tidal restlessness.
32. What do we learn about the settlers of New York?
【答案】B) They are adventurers from all over the world.

Passage Three
“If you asked me television is unhealthy”, I said to my roommate Walter, as I walked into the living room.“While you are sitting passively in front of the TV set, your muscles are turning to fat, your complexion is fading, and your eyesight is being ruined.”
“Shh~”Walter put his finger to his lips, “This is an intriguing murder mystery.”
“Really?” I replied.
“But you know, the brain is destroyed by TV viewing. Creativity is killed by that box. And people are kept from communicating with one another. From my point of view, TV is the cause of the declining interest in school and the failure of our entire educational system.”
“Ah ha, I can’t see your point.” Walter said softly. “But see? The woman on the witness stand in this story is being questioned about the murder that was committed one hundred years ago.”
Ignoring his enthusiastic description of the plot, I went on with my argument.
“As I see it,” I explained, “not only are most TV programs badly written and produced, but viewers are also manipulated by the mass media. As far as I am concerned, TV watchers are cut off from reality from nature, from the other people, from life itself! I was confident in my ability to persuade.
After a short silence, my roommate said, “Anyway, I’ve been planning to watch the football game. I am going to change the channel.”
“Don’t touch that dial!” I shouted, “I wanted to find out how the mystery turns out!”
I am not sure I got my point to cross.
【材料評析】
這是一篇很有趣的記敘文。講述了作者和室友的一段關(guān)于看電視問題的對話。
作者一直在強調(diào)看電視如何如何不好，并且列舉出了一大堆的原因：會讓身體變胖，面色枯黃，視力下降，并且會讓孩子們的創(chuàng)造能力，交際能力下降。但是他的室友一直沒有接他的話，一直專心于看自己的電視節(jié)目。
文章最幽默的是，最后一個情節(jié)，當(dāng)室友說要換臺的時候，作者立刻不愿意了，真是非常地諷刺，原來作者自己也是離不開電視機，受不了電視節(jié)目的誘惑的。
這篇文章難度比較低，生詞幾乎沒有，大家只要看懂情節(jié)，基本上所有問題也可以回答出來，需要仔細認(rèn)真，在聽聽力的時候虛擬場景。

Questions 33- 35 are based on the passage you have just heard.
33. As the speaker walked into the living room, what was being shown on TV?
【答案】D） A murder mystery
34. What does the speaker say about watching television?
【答案】C）It is unhealthy for the viewers.
35. What can we say about the speaker?
【答案】B) He can’t resist the temptation of T.V. either.


Section C Compound Dictation
In the past, one of the biggest disadvantages of machines has been their inability to work on a micro scale. For example, doctors did not have devices allowing them to go inside the human body to detect health problems or to perform delicate surgery. Repair crews did not have a way of identifying broken pipes located deep within a high-rise apartment building. However, that’s about to change. Advances in computers and biophysics have started a micro miniature revolution that allows scientists to envision and in some cases actually build microscopic machines. These devices promise to dramatically change the way we live and work.
Micromachines already are making an impact. At Case Western Reserve University in Cleveland, Ohio, research scientists have designed a 4-inch silicon chip that holds 700 tiny primitive motors. At Lucas Nova Sensor in Fremont, California, scientists have perfected the world’s first microscopic blood-pressure sensor. Threaded through a person’s blood vessels, the sensor can provide blood pressure readings at the valve of the heart itself.
Although simple versions of miniature devices have had an impact, advanced versions are still several years away.
Auto manufacturers, for example, are trying to use tiny devices that can sense when to release an airbag and how to keep engines and breaks operating efficiently. Some futurists envision nanotechnology also being used to explore the deep sea in small submarine, or even to launch finger-sized rockets packed with micro miniature instruments.
“There is an explosion of new ideas and applications,” So, when scientists now think about future machines doing large and complex tasks, they’re thinking smaller than ever before.

【答案】
36. detect
37. delicate 38. identifying 39. apartment
40. revolution 41. dramatically 42. primitive 43. vessels 44. Although simple versions of miniature devices have had an impact, advanced versions are still several years away 45. that can sense when to release an airbag and how to keep engines and breaks operating efficiently 46. when scientists now think about future machines doing large and complex tasks, they’re thinking smaller than ever before

Part IV Reading Comprehension (Reading in depth)
Section A
【答案】
47. values, abilities and strengths
48. doing the right things
49. positive mental attitude
50. manage themselves
51. trust
【解析】
這篇閱讀理解的主題是講商務(wù)領(lǐng)導(dǎo)才能，關(guān)鍵詞兩個：leadership和business?？忌斫膺@篇文章，就需要抓住這兩個關(guān)鍵詞，并且認(rèn)真領(lǐng)會作者所闡述的這二者之間的關(guān)系。

開篇第一句即指出領(lǐng)導(dǎo)才能在當(dāng)今競爭激烈的商務(wù)領(lǐng)域的重要地位，是排名第二的重要詞匯，并指出原因。隨后進一步指出，研究領(lǐng)導(dǎo)才能的專家們會毫不猶豫地指出“做事情的方式”影響結(jié)果的成功與否，并且暗示著做事方式的對與錯。最后，作者引用了曾經(jīng)是一位出色管理人Peter Drucker總結(jié)的一句話：管理是將事情做對，領(lǐng)導(dǎo)是做對的事情。意即在Peter Drucker看來，優(yōu)秀的領(lǐng)導(dǎo)人需要擅長做對的事情。以上都是先前存在的對商務(wù)領(lǐng)導(dǎo)才能的一些看法。

隨后第二段，作者就將話題一轉(zhuǎn) ，指出Stephen Covey在其暢銷書中提出的觀點開始引起人們反思先前對領(lǐng)導(dǎo)才能的理解。Stephen Covey指出先前的領(lǐng)導(dǎo)才能都是以人的性格和個性為中心，而他則倡導(dǎo)領(lǐng)導(dǎo)人必須了解實現(xiàn)高效的普遍原則，并且強調(diào)了領(lǐng)導(dǎo)人要想在工作中有杰出表現(xiàn)，先實現(xiàn)良好的自我管理是至關(guān)重要的。在此基礎(chǔ)上，作者水到渠成地指出，要達到業(yè)務(wù)目標(biāo)，必須要對自己的目標(biāo)和重視的東西有清楚的認(rèn)識。最后，作者總結(jié)出，商務(wù)領(lǐng)導(dǎo)才能就是要將首要的事情放在首要位置，這就暗示著在領(lǐng)導(dǎo)他人之前，你要先對自己的價值觀、能力和優(yōu)勢有清楚的認(rèn)識，并且要讓自己在別人看來是值得信任的。換句話說，優(yōu)秀的商務(wù)領(lǐng)導(dǎo)要十分了解自己，并且要能贏得他人的信任。

Section B
Passage One
【答案】
53. A It indicates that economic activities in the US have increased.
54. C Producers of agricultural goods and raw materials
55. C People’s reluctance to spend
56. B To increase their market share overseas.

【解析】
本文選自國外網(wǎng)站上面的一篇文章，主標(biāo)題為“Trade Is the New Plastics”，副標(biāo)題為Young Americans need to learn to sell and buy overseas. 講的是關(guān)于美國貿(mào)易方面的問題，屬于閱讀題?？嫉慕?jīng)濟方面的話題范圍。
從難度上來講，本文不算是一篇很難的閱讀題，涉及到的陌生詞和比較偏的單詞并不是太多。但是考生在做題的時候，還是要保持謹(jǐn)慎。
在答題的時候，大家還是按照以往的做題方式，先通過題目中的關(guān)鍵詞到原文中定位。在定位的時候，可以略讀，但要抓住重要信息點。此外，but等轉(zhuǎn)折詞之后會是經(jīng)?？嫉降目键c，因此，53題則通過“But there's another way of looking at the trade data. Over the past two years, the figures on imports and exports seem not to signal a double-dip recession。。。but an economic expansion.”這一句的信息點選出答案。
54題則定位到“The rising tide of trade is also good news for people who work in trade-sensitive businesses, especially those that produce commodities for which global demand sets the price—agricultural goods, mining, metals, oil.”
55題，考生要特別注意，不可因為“One great challenge for the U.S. economy is slack domestic consumer demand.”這一句中有slack一詞，就錯誤的選擇了D。其實正確答案是C選項。
56.題考查作者的建議，主要是擴大市場份額。因此答案選B。

Passage Two
【答案】
57. A. they still have a place among the world leaders.
58. B. It does not reflect the differences among universities.
59. A. concentration of resources in a limited number of universities.
60. A. Fully utilize their research to benefit all sectors of society.
61. C. By promoting the efficiency of technology transfer agencies.

【解析】
這是一篇議論文。文章開頭就提供了一個背景，即英國的大學(xué)在將知識轉(zhuǎn)化成產(chǎn)品和服務(wù)的能力方面不斷的遭受著批評。第二段提到了UK National Stem Cell Network，即英國國家干細胞網(wǎng)絡(luò)，發(fā)出了這樣的警告：如果沒有資金和立法支持的話，英國將在干細胞研究方面失去領(lǐng)軍地位。 第三段，作者針對這個批評，提出了相反的看法，并以最近的一個研究數(shù)據(jù)作支撐：對比澳洲，加拿大，美國和英國的高校及研究所，英國在商業(yè)化活動的指標(biāo)上還是處于領(lǐng)先地位的。第四段作者從國家政策層面來分析，認(rèn)為過去十年的政策介入也對英國大學(xué)的表現(xiàn)產(chǎn)生了積極的影響。第五段講述，研究資金的偏態(tài)分布不僅僅是英國獨有的，其他經(jīng)濟體也存在這樣的問題。在英國，不到25%的大學(xué)卻擁有75%的研究資金。但同時，這些大學(xué)也是培養(yǎng)博士生最多的，產(chǎn)生的科學(xué)著作、專利和授權(quán)收入最多的機構(gòu)?？梢姡@種將資源集中的政策造就了研究型和商業(yè)型相結(jié)合的優(yōu)秀的大學(xué)。第六段，作者提到這些研究型高校的核心目標(biāo)就是將研究成果利益最大化。接著在第七、八兩段里，講述了這些高校能夠為英國經(jīng)濟的復(fù)蘇做些什么，即加快技術(shù)轉(zhuǎn)換和研究院教育水平。
Part V Cloze
The Truth About Plastic
By BRYAN WALSH Thursday, July 10, 2008 （Time magazine）
If you know where to find a good plastic-free shampoo, can you tell Jeanne Haegele? Last September, the 28-year-old Chicago resident 62. resolved to cut plastics out of her life. The marketing coordinator was concerned about 63. what the chemicals coming out of some common types of plastic might be doing to her body. She was also worried about the damage all the plastic 64. rubbish was doing to the environment. So she 65. hopped on her bike and rode to the nearest grocery store to see what she could find that didn't 66. include plastic. "I went in and 67. barely bought anything," Haegele says. She did 68. purchase some canned food and a carton (紙盒) of milk---69. only to discover later that both containers were 70. lined with plastic resin(樹脂). "Plastic," she says, "just seemed like it was in everything."
She's right. Back in the 1960s, plastic was well 71. on its way to becoming a staple of American life. The U.S. produced 28 million tons of plastic waste in 2005--27 million tons of which 72. ended up in landfills. Our food and water come 73. wrapped in plastic. It's used in our phones and our computers, the cars we drive and the planes we ride in. But the 74. infinitely adaptable substance has its dark side. Environmentalists fret about the petroleum needed to make it. Parents worry about the possibility of chemicals making their way from 76. household plastic into children's bloodstreams. Which means Haegele isn't the only person trying to cut plastic out of her life--she isn't 77. even the only one blogging about this kind of 78. endeavor. But those who've tried know it's 79. far from easy to go plastic-free. "These things seem to be so common 80. that it is practically impossible to avoid coming into 81. contact with them," says Frederick vom Saal, a biologist at the University of Missouri.

62:resolved
63:what
64: rubbish
65:hopped
66:include
67:barely
68:purchase
69:only
70:lined
71:on
72:ended up
73:wrapped
74:infinitely
75:toxic
76:household
77:even
78:endeavor
79:far
80:that
81:contact
本文摘自2008年《美國時代周刊》7月10日科技版，標(biāo)題為The Truth About Plastic，由環(huán)保主義者Jeanne Haegele如何在生活中發(fā)現(xiàn)無塑料制品的舉動引申到對塑料制品的思考。
62. 介詞搭配題。第一段開頭提出問題：如果你知道哪兒能找到一種非塑料包裝的洗發(fā)液，你能告訴Jeanne Haegele嗎？接著引出去年9月，這位28歲的芝加哥居民決心不在日常生活中使用塑料制品。resolve to do sth. 決定做某事,recover和from搭配，重新獲得…;remove… form 移開，免除…; retreat 撤退，退卻，均不符合題意。
63. 本題缺少一個連接詞構(gòu)成介詞+賓語形式，根據(jù)句意判斷，這里是常見塑料制品化學(xué)物質(zhì)對可能會對人體產(chǎn)生的影響，應(yīng)用what。
64. 該題比較簡單，根據(jù)上下文不難推斷，這里是指塑料垃圾也會對環(huán)境產(chǎn)生危害。
65. 這里考查固定搭配。hop on 跳上…。
66. 根據(jù)前文，她跳上自行車去百貨商店尋找不含塑料的商品。consist of sth.組成…; induce 誘導(dǎo)，引起；compose 構(gòu)成，組成，與要表達的意義相反。
67. 根據(jù)文章和常識可推斷出，不含塑料成分的商品很少，因此她幾乎買不到不含塑料的制品。此外，句末的anything也提示前面要用一個否定含義的詞語，因此選barely。
68. 和上句的bought對應(yīng)，這里應(yīng)該填purchase，“她沒買到…，她確實買到了….”;pursue 繼續(xù)，從事，追趕； preserve 保存，保護，維護； prescribe 開藥方。
69. 考查only to結(jié)構(gòu)。她買到了罐裝的食品和盒裝牛奶，卻發(fā)現(xiàn)外包裝也是含有塑料樹脂的。only to 結(jié)果是，不料竟會，表轉(zhuǎn)折。
70. 考查短語意義。be lined with給某物安襯里；做內(nèi)襯；這里指罐裝食品和盒裝牛奶的包裝內(nèi)層是塑料樹脂。
71. 考查固定搭配。on one’s way to…在…的途中。
72. 考查固定短語意義。end up in 以…告終；以…結(jié)束，尤指經(jīng)歷了一長段路程或過程。這里指垃圾2700萬垃圾都被填埋在垃圾填埋場里。
73. 詞義辨析。這里舉例說明20世紀(jì)60年代，塑料制品在美國人的日常生活中屢見不鮮，食品和水都采用塑料包裝。wrap 包，纏繞；adopt 采取，接受；adapt 使適應(yīng)，改變；trap 誘捕，使陷入困境。
74. 根據(jù)上下文意義，這里需要填寫一個說明塑料制品的性質(zhì)的副詞。依次代入各選項，infinitely是可無限再利用，符合題意。
75. 跟上題一樣，這里需要填入形容詞說明塑料制品的性質(zhì)。父母們擔(dān)憂塑料制品有毒性，因此選toxic。
76. 本題有一定難度，詞義辨析。家長們擔(dān)憂塑料制品有毒，會從家庭用品進入孩子們的血液循環(huán)，household比family更地道合適。
77. 考查考生對上下文關(guān)系的理解。這里說Haegele不是唯一一個擯棄塑料制品的人，后半句遞進，說明她甚至不是第一個寫博客記錄這種努力的人。
78. 根據(jù)上題的闡釋，Haegele的行為只是一種努力，不是出于勤奮，也不是娛樂，也并沒有取得一定的成就。因此選endeavor。
79. 考查固定搭配。根據(jù)全文意義可推斷，塑料制品在我們的生活中如此普遍，要做到不使用塑料制品絕非易事，far from… 遠非…。
80. 考查so…that固定搭配。本題為送分題，不做過多解釋。
81. 考查固定短語搭配。come into contact with 接觸到。

總之，今年六級的完型填空，涉及4處名詞，1處介詞，7處動詞，1處形容詞和5處連詞,2個副詞。有一定難度，第76題較難，其余部分只要在句子內(nèi)部或者句子之間進行上下文邏輯比對或語法搭配，即可完成。詞義辨析和短語搭配考查較多，因此，考生要特別注意六詞匯的積累、掌握和運用。

?

Part VI Translation
1. You shouldn't have run across the road without looking, you would have been knocked down by a car. (也許會被車撞到)
解析：本題考察虛擬語氣。句子是與過去事實相反，因此用would have +過去分詞，表虛擬語氣。
2 By no means does he regarded himself as an expert, (他把自己當(dāng)成專家)although he knows a lot about the field.
解析：本題考察倒裝和詞組regard sb. as sth.(把…當(dāng)作…)。介詞短語 by no means 置于句首，構(gòu)成部分倒裝，因此把助動詞does提前。
3 He doesn't appreciate the sacrifice his friends have made for him, however, he takes it for granted.(把他們所做的視作理所應(yīng)當(dāng))
解析：本題考察詞組take sth. for granted (把…當(dāng)作理所當(dāng)然)。同時，考生要注意句子后半句前是一個逗號，要加上一個連詞and或者加上however。
4 Janet told me that she would rather her mother not have interfered with her marriage.(不干涉她的婚姻)
解析：本題考察would rather have done sth, 表示過去事件，句子中told提示是過去發(fā)生的事，因此用would have interfered with。
5 To keep up with the expanding frontiers of scholarship. Edward Wilson found himself always searching for information on the internet. （經(jīng)常上網(wǎng)查信息）
解析：本題考察了感官動詞find+賓語+現(xiàn)在分詞（作賓補），現(xiàn)在分詞表主動。因此這里用searching。?