獨(dú)立主格、虛擬語氣、非謂語動詞、主謂一致、倒裝
獨(dú)立主格特征
1.?充當(dāng)句子的狀語。
2.?有自己的主語，同句子的主語不一致。
3.?名詞（代詞，形容詞，副詞，介詞）+?分詞
4.??With?+?名詞?（代詞）?+?分詞?(形容詞）
例：a)?It?being?raining,?I?decided?to?stay?at?home.
b)?Speech?having?been?delivered,?discussion?started.
c)?he?entered?the?room,?with?his?hands?open（holding?a?rifle).
真題剖析
(1995)?45?cliffs?no?longer?crumbling,?the?beaches?are???46???of?the?material?which?would??47??feed?them.?
??45.?A.?For????B.?As?????C.?With?????D.?Because?
練習(xí)：Do?what?you?need?to?do?to?keep?the?wolf?__7__?from?the?door,?the?world?__8__?your?thesis?adviser,?team?leader,?or?laboratory?director.?Then?use?the?rest?of?your?time,?perhaps?at?night?or?on?the?weekends,?to?do?__9__?you?really?want?to?do.?
8.?A.?is???????B.?having????????C.?being????????D.?be
虛擬語氣
虛擬語氣（2）
1.?（should）+動詞原形
It?+be動詞+形容詞(-able)(essential,?odd,?vital,?absurd,?regrettable,?desirable…)+that從句
It?+be動詞+名詞(pity,shame…)+that從句
It?+be動詞+過去分詞(ordered,?begged,?voted,?moved…)+that從句
部分名詞/動詞(表示建議，勸告，決定等)?+that從句
2.?It’s?(high,?about)?time?that?+動詞過去式
???????would?rather?+動詞過去式
真題剖析
(1997)?…?I?wouldn’t?be?truthful?if?I??47??say?that?teaching?is?hard?work?.?…
???47.?A.?do???B.?did???C.?don’t???D.?didn’t
(1993)…The?Cairo?newspapers?the?next?day?carried?banner?headlines?about?the?student?demonstration??52?,?and?they????53??that?the?professor?be?sent?home.?
?53.?A.?ordered???B.?pleaded???C.?decided??D.?demanded
練習(xí)：Years?ago?the?experts?warned?us?that?the?car-ownership?explosion?would?demand?a?lot?more?give-and-take?from?all?road?users.?It?is?high?time?that?we__15__?this?message?to?heart.?
15.?A.?took???????B.?would?take?????C.?will?take??????D.?should?take?
(2003.3)?It?is?edifying,?and?it?is?a?source?of?inner?satisfaction?even?__54__?other?facets?of?life?prove?disappointing.?
(even?if?other?facets?of?life?should?prove?disappointing.)
54.A.?shall???????????
非謂語動詞
動名詞、分詞、不定式。
主動或被動。(doing/done,?to?do?/to?be?done)
發(fā)生在謂語動詞之前還是之后。(doing/?having?done?/having?been?done,?to?do/to?have?done?/to?have?been)