?一般將來時——將來做某事

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  A、構(gòu)成形式:
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  (1)主語+be going to+動詞原形+其他。
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  (2)主語+will+動詞原形+其他。
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  B、判斷依據(jù):
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  一個句子中既有be動詞,又有g(shù)oing、to和動詞,且動詞用的是原形,句中往往有tomorrow、soon、next week等詞。
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  C、句型變換:
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  She is going to have a picnic tomorrow.
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  She isn’t going to have a picnic tomorrow.
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  Is she going to have a picnic tomorrow?
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  Yes, she is. / No, she isn’t.
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  They are going to visit their grandparents next Sunday.
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  They aren’t going to visit their grandparents next Sunday.
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  Are they going to visit their grand parents next Sunday?
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  Yes, they are. / No, they aren’t.
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  三組將來時間表示法的用法比較
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  一、 “will / shall+動詞原形”與“be going to+動詞原形”
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  兩者均可表示將來時間和意圖,有時可以換用。如:I think it’ll rain this evening. / I think it’s going to rain this evening. 我想今晚會下雨。I won’t tell you about it. / I’m not going to tell you about it. 我不會把這事告訴你的。兩者的區(qū)別是:1. 若是強調(diào)某個意圖是經(jīng)過事先考慮好的,則通常要用be going to;若是表示某個意圖沒有經(jīng)過事先考慮,而是在說話的當(dāng)時才臨時想到的,則通常用will。比較:—Ann is in hospital. 安住院了?!狾h, really? I didn’t know. I’ll go and visit her. 啊,真的嗎?我還不知道。我要去看看她。 (臨時想法,不能用be going to)—Ann is in hospital. 安住院了?!猋es, I know. I’m going to visit her tomorrow. 我知道,我打算明天去看看她。(事先考慮的意圖,不能用will)2. 若是有跡象表明要發(fā)生某事,通常只用be going to,不用will。如:Look at those black clouds. It’s going to rain. 看那些烏云,要下雨了。3. 帶有時間或條件狀語從句的主句通常不宜用be going to,而用will。如:When he comes back, I will tell him the news. 他回來時我就告訴他這個消息。If he comes back, I will tell him the news. 他若回來我就告訴他這個消息。
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  二、“be going to+動詞原形”與“現(xiàn)在進行時”
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  1. be going to主要表示主觀想法或意圖,而現(xiàn)在進行時表示將來則主要強調(diào)已經(jīng)作出的安排。比較:I’m going to wash the car if I have time. 若有時間我想洗洗車。(主觀想法)I’m picking you up at 6; don’t forget. 我6點鐘來接你,不要忘了。6(已作出的安排)2. 但是當(dāng)要表示主觀無法控制的預(yù)測時,通常要用be going to,不能用現(xiàn)在進行時態(tài)。如:It’s going to snow before long. 不久會下雪。Things are going to get better soon. 情況很快就會好起來。3. 當(dāng)表示堅持要(不要)某人做某事時,兩者均可用。如:She’s taking [going to take] that medicine whether he likes it or not. 不管她喜歡不喜歡,她都得吃那藥。You’re not wearing [going to wear] that skirt to school. 你不可以穿那條裙子去上學(xué)。
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  三、“be going to+動詞原形”與“be to+動詞原形
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  be to+”兩者均可表示按計劃或安排要發(fā)生的動作,有時可互換(但be to比be going to正式)。如:Where are we going to stay tonight? 我們今晚住哪里?I’m (going) to play tennis this afternoon. 我打算今天下午打網(wǎng)球。另外,be going to 還可表示預(yù)測,即根據(jù)已有跡象預(yù)測將要發(fā)生的動作,此時不能用be to。如:Look, it’s going to rain. 看,要下雨了。