Ⅱ.重點(diǎn)句型詳解

1．Frederick William I, the King of Prussia, could never have imagined that his greatest gift to the Russian people would have such an amazing history.

普魯士國(guó)王腓特烈?威廉一世永遠(yuǎn)想象不到他贈(zèng)給俄羅斯人民的最厚重的禮物會(huì)有這樣一段令人驚訝的歷史。

本句中 could never have imagined為情態(tài)動(dòng)詞表推測(cè)的用法，can和 could可以用在否定句和疑問句中，后接完成式，表示對(duì)已發(fā)生的事情的驚訝、懷疑、猜測(cè)或不相信等；或接進(jìn)行時(shí)，表示對(duì)正發(fā)生的事情的驚訝、懷疑、猜測(cè)或不相信等；或接原形，表示對(duì)現(xiàn)在或一般情況的否定推測(cè)。

①Could/Can he have been told the news?

他被告知這個(gè)消息了嗎？

②He knew little about Japanese, so he couldn't have learned it. 他對(duì)日語一無所知，因此他不可能學(xué)過。

③The light is out. They can't be at home.

燈滅著，他們現(xiàn)在不可能在家。

拓展：

(1)can/could主要用于否定推測(cè)；must 表推測(cè)只用于肯定句；mustn't表示“禁止；不允許”。情態(tài)動(dòng)詞 can和 must表推測(cè)時(shí)，其反意疑問句的動(dòng)詞形式要依據(jù)主句中有無具體時(shí)間狀語而定。

(2)could have done用于肯定句，則表示“本來能夠做到卻沒有做到”，此時(shí) could不能換成 can。

①It seems that he is unhappy. He must have been told the bad news.

看起來他不高興，他一定已被告知這個(gè)壞消息了。

②He could have caught the early bus, but his bike broke down on the way.

他本能夠趕上那輛早班車，但是他的自行車在路上壞了。

[即境活用1](1)I ______have been more than six years old when the accident happened.

A．shouldn‘t　　　　　　　 B．couldn't

C．mustn't ? D．needn't

解析：本題考查情態(tài)動(dòng)詞的用法。must表推測(cè)只能用于肯定句，否定句用 can't/couldn't 代替。shouldn't have done表示“本來不該而實(shí)際上卻做了”，needn't have done表示“本來不必而實(shí)際上卻做了”，均不合題意。本句譯為：當(dāng)事故發(fā)生時(shí)我不可能超過6歲。

答案：B?

(2)He paid for a seat, when he ______ have entered free.

A．could ? B．would

C．must ? D．need

解析：本題考查情態(tài)動(dòng)詞 could have done 表示本來能辦到的事，而沒有做成。本句譯為：他本可以免費(fèi)進(jìn)入，卻買了票。

答案：A

2．After that, what happened to the Amber Room remains a mystery. 從那以后，琥珀屋的最終所歸便成了一個(gè)謎。

remain a mystery為系表結(jié)構(gòu)，在該結(jié)構(gòu)中，remain為系動(dòng)詞，意為“(繼續(xù))保持，仍然處于(某種狀態(tài))”，后接名詞、形容詞、分詞、介詞短語等做表語。

①Where he has gone remains a mystery.他去哪里了仍然是個(gè)謎。

②Shops remain open till late in the evening.商店?duì)I業(yè)到晚上很晚。

③Much work remains undone. 還有大量的工作未做。

④They remained listening. 他們一直在聽。

⑤The patient remained in danger. 病人仍處在危險(xiǎn)中。

⑥That remains to be seen. 那還有待觀察。

⑦Since it's been a secret so long, it had better remain so.

既然它已是長(zhǎng)時(shí)間的秘密，還是繼續(xù)保密為好。

拓展：(1)remain還可用做不及物動(dòng)詞，意為“剩下，還有；(繼續(xù))待在某處，繼續(xù)存在，留下”。

①Little of the original architecture remains.

原來的建筑現(xiàn)在留存的已經(jīng)很少了。

②I'll remain to see the end of the game.

我將留下看比賽的結(jié)果。

(2)辨析 remain/stay/keep

①remain繼續(xù)保持或處于原來的狀態(tài)。

②stay繼續(xù)保持或處于原來的狀態(tài)，與 remain同義，但后面不接 to do或 to be done，多接形容詞等構(gòu)成系表結(jié)構(gòu)。

③keep需要設(shè)法才能保持或處于某種狀態(tài)。

[即境活用2]

(2008?遼寧)Please remain ______； the winner of the prize will be announced soon.

A．seating ? B．seated

C．to seat ? D．to be seated

解析：考查 remain后接分詞做表語，seat vt.“使就坐”，用過去分詞 seated做表語。

答案：B

易 錯(cuò) 點(diǎn) 撥 自我完善?誤區(qū)備考

1. elect/choose/select/pick

(1)elect“選舉；選擇”，指在一定的范圍內(nèi)或有限的數(shù)量中，遵照一定的規(guī)章或法制，用投票或舉手等表決方式，以多數(shù)為標(biāo)準(zhǔn)，選舉出代表或負(fù)責(zé)人；也含有為完成某任務(wù)而選擇適用的人員的意思。

(2)choose“挑選；選擇”，指從若干人或事物中找出符合要求、滿足需要的人或事物。這種選擇取決于個(gè)人主觀意志，帶有最終選定的含義。

(3)select“精選”，語氣比choose重，而且更正式，強(qiáng)調(diào)客觀性，挑選對(duì)象是同類的。

(4)pick常與out連用，有“挑選，選擇”之意，指仔細(xì)地、精心地選擇，帶有挑剔意味，有時(shí)可與select互換，作“揀出，認(rèn)出”解。

[應(yīng)用1]　(1)It took her an hour to ___________ a dress that suited her.

(2)Chu has been ___________ to attend the National Young Leaders’ Conference.

(3)We have __________ him chairman.

(4)You should ____________ friends with care.

pick(out)

selected

elected

choose

2. jewel/jewellery

(1)jewel指“寶石，珠寶”，為可數(shù)名詞。如：valuable jewels“值錢的珠寶”。它也可引申為“被珍視的東西或人”。

(2)jewellery也可寫做jewelry，為不可數(shù)名詞，是“珠寶”的總稱。

[應(yīng)用2]　(1)He bought a piece of _________ for his wife.

(2)His wife is a ___________ to him.

jewellery

jewel

3. remove/move

remove和move都表示“移動(dòng)”。區(qū)別是move強(qiáng)調(diào)位置和姿態(tài)的改變；remove強(qiáng)調(diào)完全放棄原來的地方而到達(dá)新的地方，有時(shí)相當(dāng)于take away/off。表示“遷居”時(shí)，二者均可。

[應(yīng)用3]　(1)What do you advise for _______________ ink from my clothes?

(2)Who __________ my cheese?

(3)We are ______________________ from London to the country.

removing

moved

moving/removing