第二部分 閱讀理解（共兩節(jié)，滿分40分）
第一節(jié)（共15小題；每小題2分，滿分30分）
閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的四個(gè)選項(xiàng)（A、B、C和D）中，選出最佳選項(xiàng)，并在答題卡上將該項(xiàng)涂黑。
A
Doctors are known to be terrible pilots. They don't listen because they already know it all. I was lucky: I became a pilot in 1970, almost ten years before I graduated from medical school. I didn’t realize then, but becoming a pilot makes me a better surgeon. I loved flying. As I flew bigger, faster planes, and in worse weather, I learned about crew resource management (機(jī)組資源管理)，or CRM, a new idea to make flying safer. It means that crew members should listen and speak up for a good result, regardless of positions.

I first read about CRM in 1980. Not long after that, an attending doctor and I were flying in bad weather. The controller had us turn too late to get our landing ready. The attending doctor was flying; I was safety pilot, He was so busy because of the bad turn, he had forgotten to put the landing gear (起落架）down, unusual to speak up. But I had to: Our lives were in danger. I put aside my uneasiness and said, “We need to put the landing gear down now!” That was my first real lesson in the power of CRM, and I’ve used it in the operating room ever since.

CRM requires that the pilot/surgeon encourage others to speak up. It further requires that when opinions are from the opposite, the doctor doesn't overreact, which might prevent fellow doctors from voicing opinions again. So when I'm in the operating room, I ask for ideas and help from others. Sometimes they’re not willing to speak up. But I hope that if I continue to encourage them, someday someone will keep me from "landing gear up".

36. What does the author say about doctors in general?
A. They like flying by themselves.
B. They are unwilling to take advice.
C. They pretend to be good pilots.
D. They are quick learners of CRM.

37. The author deepened his understanding of the power of CRM when _______.
A. he saved the plane by speaking up
B. he was in charge of a flying task
C. his boss landed the plane too late
D. his boss operated on a patient

38. In the last paragraph “l(fā)anding gear up” probably means
A. following flying requirements
B. overreacting to different opinions
C. listening to what fellow doctors say
D. making a mistake that may cost lives

39. Which of the following can be the best title for the text?
A. CRM: A New Way to Make Flying Safe
B. Flying Makes Me a Better Doctor
C. The Making of a Good Pilot
D. A Pilot-Turned Doctor

36. 答案：B
【解析】信息推斷題。題目問的是作者對(duì)普通醫(yī)生（doctors in general）的看法。從文中第一段的第一、二句“Doctors are known to be terrible pilots. They don't listen because they already know it all."可知，作者認(rèn)為醫(yī)生一般都不愿意聽取意見，所以答案選B。

37. 答案：A
【解析】信息推斷題。題目問的是作者在什么時(shí)候加深了對(duì)CRM的作用的認(rèn)識(shí)。文中第二段句首提到“I first read about CRM in 1980.”這是作者首次接觸CRM，此后不久，在一次飛行事故中，作者的老板在操作飛機(jī)降落時(shí)忘記把起落架放下來，這時(shí)作者向老板提出“我們現(xiàn)在需要把起落架放下來”，從而拯救了機(jī)組成員。這個(gè)事件讓作者對(duì)CRM有了更深刻的認(rèn)識(shí)，所以答案選A。B項(xiàng)錯(cuò)誤，因?yàn)樽髡卟⒉皇沁@次飛行任務(wù)的負(fù)責(zé)人；C項(xiàng)“他的老板使飛機(jī)降落時(shí)已太遲了”；D項(xiàng)“他的老板在給一個(gè)病人做手術(shù)”，均不符合題意。

38. 答案：D
【解析】語(yǔ)義推斷題?！發(fā)anding gear”在文中給出了中文釋義，意為“起落架”，“l(fā)anding gear up”意為“把起落架收起來”，結(jié)合該詞組在文中出現(xiàn)的語(yǔ)境，可以知道在飛機(jī)降落時(shí)把起落架收起來是有生命危險(xiǎn)的，所以keep me from landing gear up即讓我避免犯此類會(huì)帶來生命危險(xiǎn)的錯(cuò)誤。

39. 答案：B
【解析】主旨大意題。文中第一段提到，“but becoming a pilot makes me a better surgeon”，在第二段中作者講述了其在一起飛行事件中的經(jīng)歷和從中得到的教訓(xùn)：即不論職位高低，在必要的時(shí)候需要勇于發(fā)言，作者將這一經(jīng)驗(yàn)應(yīng)用到手術(shù)室中，在手術(shù)室中咨詢他人的意見并鼓勵(lì)他人發(fā)表意見，從而使他成為一個(gè)更好的醫(yī)生，所以B項(xiàng)正確。本文的重點(diǎn)并不是在討論使飛行變得安全的CRM，所以A項(xiàng)錯(cuò)誤；也不是在講“如何才能造就一個(gè)好的飛行員”，所以C項(xiàng)錯(cuò)誤；D項(xiàng)意為“一個(gè)此前做過飛行員的醫(yī)生”，本文的主旨并不是關(guān)于作者本人，而是在說醫(yī)生要聽取別人的意見，從而成為一個(gè)更好的醫(yī)生。

B
In 1947 a group of famous people from the art world headed by an Austrian conductor decided to hold an international festival of music, dance and theatre in Edinburgh. The idea was to reunite Europe after the Second World War.
It quickly attracted famous names such as Alec Guinness, Richard Burton, Dame Margot Fonteyn and Marlene Dietrich as well as the big symphony orchestras (交響樂團(tuán)). It became a fixed event every August and now attracts 400,000 people yearly.
At the same time, the “Fringe” appeared as a challenge to the official festival. Eight theatre groups turned up uninvited in 1947, in the belief that everyone should have the right to perform, and they did so in a public house disused for years.
Soon, groups of students firstly from Edinburgh University, and later from the universities of Oxford and Cambridge, Durham and Birmingham were making the journey to the Scottish capital each summer to perform theatre by little-known writers of plays in small church halls to the people of Edinburgh.
Today the “Fringe”, once less recognized, has far outgrown the festival with around 1,500 performances of theatre, music and dance on every one of the 21 days it lasts. And yet as early as 1959, with only 19 theatre groups performing, some said it was getting too big.
A paid administrator was first employed only in 1971, and today there are eight administrators working all year round and the number rises to 150 during August itself. In 2004 there were 200 places housing 1,695 shows by over 600 different groups from 50 different countries. More than 1.25 million tickets were sold.

40. What was the purpose of Edinburgh Festival at the beginning?
A. To bring Europe together again.
B. To honor heroes of World WarⅡ.
C. To introduce young theatre groups.
D. To attract great artists from Europe.

41. Why did some uninvited theatre groups come to Edinburgh in 1947?
A. They owned a public house there.
B. They came to take up a challenge.
C. They thought they were also famous.
D. They wanted to take part in the festival.

42. Who joined the "Fringe" after it appeared?
A. Popular writers
B. University students.
C. Artists from around the world.
D. Performers of music and dance.

43. We may learn from the text that Edinburgh Festival______.
A. has become a non-official event
B. has gone beyond an art festival
C. gives shows all year round
D. keeps growing rapidly

總評(píng)：這是一篇介紹愛丁堡音樂節(jié)形成和發(fā)展的說明文。文章按照時(shí)間順序，從創(chuàng)設(shè)目的，參與群體，發(fā)展規(guī)模等方面進(jìn)行了簡(jiǎn)要而準(zhǔn)確的敘述，回顧了愛丁堡音樂節(jié)的發(fā)展歷程。

細(xì)評(píng)：
40. 答案：A. To bring Europe together again.
【解析】細(xì)節(jié)題。本題考查愛丁堡音樂節(jié)的創(chuàng)設(shè)目的。文章第一段最后一句指出：“the idea was to reunite the Europe after the Second World War”，即：（人們創(chuàng)設(shè)愛丁堡音樂節(jié)的）想法是團(tuán)結(jié)二戰(zhàn)后的歐洲。選項(xiàng)A表達(dá)的與此意相同。bring together 把……團(tuán)結(jié)起來。所以，答案為A。

41. 答案：D. They wanted to take part in the festival.
【解析】推斷題。由第三段第二句，“Eight theatre groups turned up uninvited in 1947, in the belief that everyone should have the right to perform...”，可知八個(gè)樂隊(duì)不請(qǐng)自來的原因是他們認(rèn)為每個(gè)人都應(yīng)有權(quán)利來音樂節(jié)上參加表演。選項(xiàng)D，他們想要參加表演，與文章表達(dá)的意思相符。所以，答案為D。

42. 答案：B. University students
【解析】細(xì)節(jié)題。由關(guān)鍵詞Fringe定位到第三段，但是本段不能推斷出答案，所以繼續(xù)看第四段，第四段提到很多大學(xué)生參加了愛丁堡音樂節(jié)，所以答案為B。

43. 答案：D. keeps growing rapidly
【解析】細(xì)節(jié)題。選項(xiàng)A文中未提及。選項(xiàng)B也未提及。選項(xiàng)C，由倒數(shù)第二段第一句“...music and dance on very one of the 21 days it lasts.”可知，愛丁堡音樂節(jié)并不是全年都有。選項(xiàng)D，愛丁堡音樂節(jié)發(fā)展迅速，由文章最后一段“and today there are eight administrators working all year round and the number rises to 150 during August itself”可知其規(guī)模不斷變大。所以，答案為D。

C
Given that many people's moods (情結(jié)) are regulated by the chemical action of chocolate, it was probably only a matter of time before somebody made the chocolate shop similar to a drugstore of Chinese medicine. Looking like a setting from the film Charlie & the Chocolate Factory, Singapore's Chocolate Research Facility (CRF) has over 100 varieties of almost always in the jar of sweets.
If the CRF seems to be a smart idea, that's because Lee is not merely a seasoned salesperson but also head of a marketing department that has business relations with big names such as Levi's and Sony. That idea surely results in the imagination at work when it comes to making different flavored (味道) chocolates.
The CRF’s produce is "green"，made within the country and divided into 10 lines, with the Alcohol Series being the most popular. The Exotic Series - with Sichuan pepper, red bean (豆)，cheese and other flavors - also does well and is fun to taste. And for chocolate snobs, who think that they have a better knowledge of chocolate than others, the Connoisseur Series uses cocoa beans from Togo, Cuba, Venezuela, and Ghana, among others.

44. What is good about chocolate?
A. It serves as a suitable gift.
B. It works as an effective medicine.
C. It helps improve the state of mind.
D. It strengthens business relations.

45. Why is Chris Lee able to develop his idea of the CRF?
A. He knows the importance of research.
B. He learns from shops of similar types.
C. He has the support of many big names.
D. He has a lot of marketing experience.

46. Which line of the CRF produce sells best?
A. The Connoisseur Series.
B. The Exotic Series.
C. The Alcohol Series.
D. The Sichuan Series.

47. The words "chocolate snobs" in Paragraph 3 probably refer to people who _______.
A. are particular about chocolate
B. know little about cocoa beans
C. look down upon others
D. like to try new flavors

【總評(píng)】本文介紹了一個(gè)類似電影《查理和他的巧克力工廠》那樣的，擁有一百多種巧克力的CRF。文章第一段先從巧克力的好處引出CRF及其創(chuàng)始人Chris Lee。第二段則從Chris Lee豐富的銷售經(jīng)驗(yàn)說明他的想法會(huì)是一個(gè)聰明的好點(diǎn)子。第三段則介紹了CRF中的不同巧克力系列。讀完全文，會(huì)發(fā)現(xiàn)該文選材新穎，結(jié)構(gòu)清晰，難度并不大。

44. C. It helps improve the state of mind.
【解析】細(xì)節(jié)題。本文的關(guān)鍵詞為chocolate，根據(jù)出題原則，首先看第一段。發(fā)現(xiàn)第一段第一句話Given that many people's moods are regulated by the chemical action of chocolate... (人們的情緒由巧克力的化學(xué)作用調(diào)節(jié))，可知，巧克力的好處是能夠提高情緒。因此正確答案為C. It helps improve the state of mind.注意選項(xiàng)中的state of mind其實(shí)為原文中moods的同義詞。選項(xiàng)B為強(qiáng)干擾，雖說第三行提到了drugstore，但是句意是有人會(huì)把巧克力店開得類似中藥房，并沒有指出巧克力就是一種有效藥。

45. D. He has a lot of marketing experience.
【解析】細(xì)節(jié)題。由關(guān)鍵詞CRF和idea定位到第二段。根據(jù)that's because Lee is not merely a seasoned salesperson but also head of a marketing department that has business relations with big names such as... 可知，Chris Lee不僅是個(gè)老道的銷售人員，還是個(gè)銷售部的主管，且該銷售部與知名品牌有工作聯(lián)系，可見Chris Lee的銷售經(jīng)驗(yàn)豐富正是能發(fā)展他想法的原因所在。本題的C選項(xiàng)為干擾項(xiàng)，雖然文中出現(xiàn)big names，但是只是作為他經(jīng)驗(yàn)豐富的有利說明，而并沒有指出這些大品牌為他的這個(gè)理念提供支持。

46. C. The Alcohol Series.
【解析】細(xì)節(jié)題。由關(guān)鍵詞CRF和line定位到第三段。大家注意題干中的關(guān)鍵詞best，它提示了我們也要在文中找到表示最高級(jí)含義的短語(yǔ)和句子，而句子...with the Alcohol Series being the most popular中的being the most popular正好含有最高級(jí)含義。所以正確答案為C。

47. A. are particular about chocolate
【解析】釋義題。根據(jù)關(guān)鍵詞chocolate snobs和Paragraph 3，定位到第三段And for chocolate snobs, who think that they have a better knowledge of chocolate than others，我們可以發(fā)現(xiàn)who引導(dǎo)的從句正是對(duì)chocolate snobs的解釋，即chocolate snobs指那些自認(rèn)為比他人更懂得巧克力的人。縱觀選項(xiàng)，答案B說他們幾乎不懂咖啡豆，不符合文意，因?yàn)楸揪浜竺孢€說為了這些chocolate snobs，“鑒賞系列”特地用了來自多哥、古巴等地的咖啡豆；答案C說他們看輕別人，文中并沒有提及；答案D說他們喜歡嘗試新口味，也未在本句定義中提及，所以正確答案為A。A選項(xiàng)中的be particular about解釋為“對(duì)……特別講究的”，符合他們自認(rèn)為更懂巧克力的特點(diǎn)。

D
Low-Cost Gifts for Mother’s Day

Gift No. 1
Offer to be your mother's health friend. Promise to be there for any and all doctor’s visits whether a disease or a regular medical check-up. Most mothers always say “no need," but another set of eyes and ears is always a good idea at a doctor’s visit. The best part? This one is free.

Gift No. 2
Help your mother organize all of her medical records, which include the test results and medical information. Put them all in one place. Be sure to make a list of all of her medicines and what times she takes them. “Having all this information in one place could end up saving your mother’s life,” Dr. Marie Savard said.

Gift No. 3
Enough sleep is connected to general health conditions. “Buy your mother cotton sheets and comfortable pillows to encourage better sleep,” Savard said. “We know that good sleep is very important to our health.”

Gift No. 4
Some gift companies such as Presents for Purpose allow you to pay it forward this Mother’s Day by picking gifts in which 10 percent of the price you pay goes to a charity (慈善機(jī)構(gòu)). Gift givers can choose from a wide variety of useful but inexpensive things - many of which are “green” - and then choose a meaningful charity from a list. When your mother gets the gift, she will be told that she has helped the chosen charity.

48. What are you advised to do for your mother at doctor's visits?
A. Take notes. B. Be with her.
C. Buy medicine. D. Give her gifts.

49. Where can you find a gift idea to improve your mother’s sleep?
A. In Gift No. 1. B. In Gift No. 2.
C. In Gift No. 3. D. In Gift No. 4.

50. Buying gifts from Presents for Purpose allows mothers to _______.
A. enjoy good sleep B. be well-organized

C. get extra support D. give others help

【總評(píng)】這是一篇討論“母親節(jié)禮物”的指南性文章，話題比較貼近考生的生活。作者給出了母親節(jié)禮物的四個(gè)建議，分別是：陪同媽媽看病、做體檢，幫媽媽整理就診記錄，為媽媽買套舒服的床上用品，替媽媽將禮物價(jià)格的1/10捐贈(zèng)給慈善機(jī)構(gòu)。

48. B. Be with her.
【解析】細(xì)節(jié)題。由關(guān)鍵詞at doctor's visits定位至文章第一段。由“Promise to be there for any and all doctor’s visits”可知，作者建議每次醫(yī)生來診，都要在現(xiàn)場(chǎng)陪同，因此，正確答案為B。

49. C. In Gift No. 3.
【解析】大意題。由關(guān)鍵詞improve your mother’s sleep定位至文章第三段，因此，正確答案為C。

50. D. give others help
【解析】大意題。由題干Presents for Purpose定位至文章第四段。由第四段大意可知，在Presents for Purpose買禮物，可將禮物價(jià)格的1/10捐贈(zèng)給慈善機(jī)構(gòu)，從而間接幫助媽媽做慈善，因此，正確答案為D。

第二節(jié)(共5小題:每小題2分，滿分10分)
根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容，從短文后的選項(xiàng)中選出能填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)選項(xiàng)中有兩項(xiàng)為多余選項(xiàng)。
Public Speaking Training

? Get a coach
_______, so get help. Since there are about a billion companies out there all ready to offer you public speaking training and courses, here are some things to look for when deciding the training that's right for you.

? Focus on positives
Any training you do to become more effective at public speaking should always focus on the positive aspects of what you already do well. Nothing can hurt confidence more than being told that you aren't doing well. ____52___, so good public speaking training should develop those instead of telling you what you shouldn’t do.

? ___53____
If you find a public speaking course that looks as though it’s going to give you lots of dos and don'ts, walk away! Your brain is so full of what you’re going to be talking about. ___54____. As far as we’re concerned, there are basically no hard and fast rules about public speaking. Your audience can be your friends.

? You are a special person not a clone.
Most importantly, good public speaking training should treat you as a special one, with your own personal habits. ____55___. Your training course should help you bring out your personality, not try to turn you into someone you're not.

A. You aren’t like anybody else
B. You already do lots of things well
C. Turn your back on too many rules
D. Check the rules about dos and don’ts
E. Whatever the presentation, public speaking is tough
F. The one thing you don’t want is for them to fall asleep
G. So trying to force a whole set of rules into it will just make things worse

答案：
51. E
52. B
53. C
54. G
55. A

【解析】
該類題型考查段落銜接和整段理解。本文論述了進(jìn)行公共演講的訓(xùn)練要點(diǎn)。
縱覽全文，F(xiàn)選項(xiàng)與文意無關(guān)，可以先行去除，將難度降低為從六個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選擇五個(gè)。

51. E. Whatever the presentation, public speaking is tough
【解析】本題與后句so get help. 形成因果關(guān)系，只有選項(xiàng)E可以作為原因。

52. B. You already do lots of things well
【解析】本題位于段中，通過上下文得出選項(xiàng)。后一句so good public speaking training should develop those與空格形成因果關(guān)系，所以空格中應(yīng)表達(dá)“你已經(jīng)做得很好了”的含義，所以B選項(xiàng)是正確答案。

53. C. Turn your back on too many rules
【解析】本題位于段首，為整段的主旨大意。從該段第一句可知，要對(duì)條條框框說不，所以C選項(xiàng)是正確答案。

54. G. So trying to force a whole set of rules into it will just make things worse
【解析】從前句Your brain is so full of what you're going to be talking about, 可知后一空與前一空形成因果關(guān)系，腦子里裝滿了條條框框只會(huì)使情況變得更糟。

55. A. You aren’t like anybody else
【解析】段落標(biāo)題是You are a special person not a clone (克隆)，A選項(xiàng)呼應(yīng)了主題。