第一百八十一條 當(dāng)事人對已經(jīng)發(fā)生法律效力的解除婚姻關(guān)系的判決，不得申請再審。

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"Article 181 With respect to a legally effective judgment on dissolution of marriage, neither of the two parties shall apply for a retrial."

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第一百八十二條 當(dāng)事人申請再審，應(yīng)當(dāng)在判決、裁定發(fā)生法律效力后二年內(nèi)提出。

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Article 182 Application for a retrial made by a party must be submitted within two years after the judgment or written order becomes legally effective.

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第一百八十三條 按照審判監(jiān)督程序決定再審的案件，裁定中止原判決的執(zhí)行。裁定由院長署名，加蓋人民法院印章。

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"Article 183 When a decision is made to retry a case in accordance with the procedure for trial supervision, the execution of the original judgment shall be suspended by a written order which shall be signed by the president of the court with the seal of the people's court affixed to it."

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第一百八十四條 人民法院按照審判監(jiān)督程序再審的案件，發(fā)生法律效力的判決、裁定是由第一審法院作出的，按照第一審程序?qū)徖?，所作的判決、裁定，當(dāng)事人可以上訴；

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"Article 184 With respect to a case pending retrial by a people's court in accordance with the procedure for trial supervision, if the legally effective judgment or written order was made by a court of first instance, the case shall be tried in accordance with the procedure of first instance, and the parties concerned may appeal against the new judgment or order; "

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發(fā)生法律效力的判決、裁定是由第二審法院作出的，按照第二審程序?qū)徖?，所作的判決、裁定，是發(fā)生法律效力的判決、裁定；

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"if the legally effective judgment or written order was made by a court of second instance, the case shall be tried in accordance with the procedure of second instance, and the new judgment or written order shall be legally effective; "

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上級人民法院按照審判監(jiān)督程序提審的，按照第二審程序?qū)徖?，所作的判決、裁定是發(fā)生法律效力的判決、裁定。

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"if it is a case which was brought up for trial by a people's court at a higher level, it shall be tried in accordance with the procedure of second instance, and the new judgment or written order shall be legally effective."

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人民法院審理再審案件，應(yīng)當(dāng)另行組成合議庭。

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The people's court shall form a new collegial panel for the purpose of the retrial.

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第一百八十五條 最高人民檢察院對各級人民法院已經(jīng)發(fā)生法律效力的判決、裁定，上級人民檢察院對下級人民法院已經(jīng)發(fā)生法律效力的判決、裁定，發(fā)現(xiàn)有下列情形之一的，應(yīng)當(dāng)按照審判監(jiān)督程序提出抗訴：

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"Article 185 If the Supreme People's Procuratorate finds that a legally effective judgment or written order made by a people's court at any level involves any of the following circumstances, or if a people's procuratorate at a higher level finds that a legally effective judgment or written order made by a people's court at a lower level involves any of the following circumstances, the Supreme People's Procuratorate or the people's procuratorate at a higher level shall respectively lodge a protest in accordance with the procedure for trial supervision: "

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（一）原判決、裁定認(rèn)定事實的主要證據(jù)不足的；

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(1) the main evidence for ascertaining the facts in the previous judgment or written order was insufficient;

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（二）原判決、裁定適用法律確有錯誤的；

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?(2) there was a definite error in the application of the law in the previous judgment or written order;

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（三）人民法院違反法定程序，可能影響案件正確判決、裁定的；

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(3) there was violation by the people's court of the legal procedure which may have affected the correctness of the judgment or written order;

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（四）審判人員在審理該案件時有貪污受賄，徇私舞弊，枉法裁判行為的。

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"or (4) the judicial officers have committed embezzlement, accepted bribes, done malpractice for personal benefits and perverted the law in the trial of the case. "

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地方各級人民檢察院對同級人民法院已經(jīng)發(fā)生法律效力的判決、裁定，發(fā)現(xiàn)有前款規(guī)定情形之一的，應(yīng)當(dāng)提請上級人民檢察院按照審判監(jiān)督程序提出抗訴。

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"If a local people's procuratorate at any level finds that a legally effective judgment or written order made by a people's court at the corresponding level involves any of the circumstances specified above, it shall refer the matter to the people's procuratorate at a higher level with the request that a protest be lodged by the latter in accordance with the procedure for trial supervision."

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第一百八十六條 人民檢察院提出抗訴的案件，人民法院應(yīng)當(dāng)再審。

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Article 186 Cases in which protest was made by the people's procuratorate shall be retried by the people's court.

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第一百八十七條 人民檢察院決定對人民法院的判決、裁定提出抗訴的，應(yīng)當(dāng)制作抗訴書。

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"Article 187 When a people's procuratorate decides to lodge a protest against a judgment or written order made by a people's court, it shall make the protest in writing."

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第一百八十八條 人民檢察院提出抗訴的案件，人民法院再審時，應(yīng)當(dāng)通知人民檢察院派員出席法庭。

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"Article 188 The people's court shall, in retrying a case in which protest was lodged by a people's procuratorate, notify the procuratorate to send representatives to attend the court session."

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第十七章 督促程序

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Chapter XVII Procedure for Hastening Debt Recovery

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第一百八十九條 債權(quán)人請求債務(wù)人給付金錢、有價證券，符合下列條件的，可以向有管轄權(quán)的基層人民法院申請支付令：

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"Article 189 When a creditor requests payment of a pecuniary debt or recovery of negotiable instruments from a debtor, he may, if the following requirements are met, apply to the basic people's court that has jurisdiction for an order of payment: "

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（一）債權(quán)人與債務(wù)人沒有其他債務(wù)糾紛的；

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(1) no other debt disputes exist between the creditor and the debtor;

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（二）支付令能夠送達(dá)債務(wù)人的。

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and (2) the order of payment can be served on the debtor.

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申請書應(yīng)當(dāng)寫明請求給付金錢或者有價證券的數(shù)量和所根據(jù)的事實、證據(jù)。

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The application shall clearly state the requested amount of money or of the negotiable instruments and the facts and evidence on the basis of which the application is made.

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第一百九十條 債權(quán)人提出申請后，人民法院應(yīng)當(dāng)在五日內(nèi)通知債權(quán)人是否受理。

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"Article 190 After the creditor has submitted his application, the people's court shall within five days inform the creditor whether it accepts the application or not."

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第一百九十一條 人民法院受理申請后，經(jīng)審查債權(quán)人提供的事實、證據(jù)，對債權(quán)債務(wù)關(guān)系明確、合法的，應(yīng)當(dāng)在受理之日起十五日內(nèi)向債務(wù)人發(fā)出支付令；

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"Article 191 After accepting the application and upon examination of the facts and evidence provided by the creditor, the people's court shall, if the rights and obligations relationship between the creditor and the debtor is clear and legitimate, issue within 15 days after accepting the application an order of payment to the debtor; "

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申請不成立的，裁定予以駁回。

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"if the application is unfounded, the people's court shall make an order to reject it."

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債務(wù)人應(yīng)當(dāng)自收到支付令之日起十五日內(nèi)清償債務(wù)，或者向人民法院提出書面異議。

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"The debtor shall, within 15 days after receipt of the order of payment, clear off his debts or submit to the people's court his dissent in writing."

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債務(wù)人在前款規(guī)定的期間不提出異議又不履行支付令的，債權(quán)人可以向人民法院申請執(zhí)行。

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"If the debtor has neither dissented from nor complied with the order of payment within the period specified in the preceding paragraph, the creditor may apply to the people's court for execution."

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第一百九十二條 人民法院收到債務(wù)人提出的書面異議后，應(yīng)當(dāng)裁定終結(jié)督促程序，支付令自行失效，債權(quán)人可以起訴。

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"Article 192 The people's court shall, on receiving the dissent in writing submitted by the debtor, make an order to terminate the procedure for hastening debt recovery and the order of payment shall of itself be invalidated. The creditor may bring an action in the people's court."

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第十八章 公示催告程序

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Chapter XVIII Procedure for Publicizing Public Notice for Ass ertion of Claims

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第一百九十三條 按照規(guī)定可以背書轉(zhuǎn)讓的票據(jù)持有人，因票據(jù)被盜、遺失或者滅失，可以向票據(jù)支付地的基層人民法院申請公示催告。

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"Article 193 Any holder of a bill transferable by endorsement according to the law may, if the bill is stolen, lost, or destroyed, apply to the basic people's court of the place where the bill is to be paid for publication of public notice for assertion of claims. "

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依照法律規(guī)定可以申請公示催告的其他事項，適用本章規(guī)定。

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"The provisions of this Chapter shall apply to other matters for which, according to the law, an application for publication of a public notice for assertion of claims may be made."

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申請人應(yīng)當(dāng)向人民法院遞交申請書，寫明票面金額、發(fā)票人、持票人、背書人等票據(jù)主要內(nèi)容和申請的理由、事實。

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"The applicant shall submit to the people's court an application which clearly states the main contents of the bill such as the face amount, the drawer, the holder, the endorser, and the facts and reasons in respect of the application."

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第一百九十四條 人民法院決定受理申請，應(yīng)當(dāng)同時通知支付人停止支付，并在三日內(nèi)發(fā)出公告，催促利害關(guān)系人申報權(quán)利。

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"Article 194 The people's court shall, upon deciding to accept the application, notify the payor concerned in the meantime to suspend the payment, and shall, within three days, issue a public notice for the interested parties to assert their rights. "

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公示催告的期間，由人民法院根據(jù)情況決定，但不得少于六十日。

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"The period of the public notice shall be decided at the discretion of the people's court; however, it shall not be less than 60 days."

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第一百九十五條 支付人收到人民法院停止支付的通知，應(yīng)當(dāng)停止支付，至公示催告程序終結(jié)。

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"Article 195 The payor shall, upon receiving the notification by the people's court to suspend the payment, do so accordingly till the conclusion of the procedure for publicizing a public notice for assertion of claims."

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公示催告期間，轉(zhuǎn)讓票據(jù)權(quán)利的行為無效。

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"Within the period of the public notice, assignment of rights on the bill shall be void."

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第一百九十六條 利害關(guān)系人應(yīng)當(dāng)在公示催告期間向人民法院申報。

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Article 196 Interested party or parties as claimants shall report their claims to the people's court within the period of the public notice.

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人民法院收到利害關(guān)系人的申報后，應(yīng)當(dāng)裁定終結(jié)公示催告程序，并通知申請人和支付人。

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"After receiving the report on the claims by interested party or parties, the people's court shall make a written order to terminate the procedure for publicizing public notice for assertion of claims, and notify the applicant and the payor."

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申請人或者申報人可以向人民法院起訴。

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The applicant or the claimants may bring an action in the people's court.

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第一百九十七條 沒有人申報的，人民法院應(yīng)當(dāng)根據(jù)申請人的申請，作出判決，宣告票據(jù)無效。

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"Article 197 If no claim is asserted, the people's court shall make a judgment on the basis of the application to declare the bill in question null and void."

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判決應(yīng)當(dāng)公告，并通知支付人。

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The judgment shall be published and the payor notified accordingly.

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自判決公告之日起，申請人有權(quán)向支付人請求支付。

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"As of the date of publication of the judgment, the applicant shall be entitled to payment by the payor."

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第一百九十八條 利害關(guān)系人因正當(dāng)理由不能在判決前向人民法院申報的，自知道或者應(yīng)當(dāng)知道判決公告之日起一年內(nèi)，可以向作出判決的人民法院起訴。

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"Article 198 If an interested party for justified reasons was unable to submit his claim to the people's court before the judgment is made, he may, within one year after the day he knows or should know the publication of the judgment, bring an action in the people's court which has made the judgment."

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第十九章 企業(yè)法人破產(chǎn)還債程序

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Chapter XIX Procedure for Bankruptcy and Debt Repayment of Legal P erson Enterprises

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第一百九十九條 企業(yè)法人因嚴(yán)重虧損，無力清償?shù)狡趥鶆?wù)，債權(quán)人可以向人民法院申請宣告?zhèn)鶆?wù)人破產(chǎn)還債，債務(wù)人也可以向人民法院申請宣告破產(chǎn)還債。

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"Article 199 If a legal person enterprise has suffered serious losses and is unable to repay the debts at maturity, the creditors may apply to a people's court for declaring the debtor bankrupt for debts to be repaid; the debtor may likewise apply to a people's court for declaring bankruptcy for debts to be repaid."

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第二百條 人民法院裁定宣告進入破產(chǎn)還債程序后，應(yīng)當(dāng)在十日內(nèi)通知債務(wù)人和已知的債權(quán)人，并發(fā)出公告。

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"Article 200 After making an order to declare the initiation of the bankruptcy and debt repayment proceedings, the people's court shall notify the debtor and the known creditors within ten days and also make a public announcement."

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債權(quán)人應(yīng)當(dāng)在收到通知后三十日內(nèi)，未收到通知的債權(quán)人應(yīng)當(dāng)自公告之日起三個月內(nèi)，向人民法院申報債權(quán)。

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"Creditors who have been notified shall, within 30 days after receiving the notice, and those who have not been notified shall, within three months after the date of the announcement, lodge their claims with the people's court. "

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逾期未申報債權(quán)的，視為放棄債權(quán)。

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Creditors who fail to lodge their claims during the respective periods shall be deemed to have abandoned their rights.

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債權(quán)人可以組成債權(quán)人會議，討論通過破產(chǎn)財產(chǎn)的處理和分配方案或者和解協(xié)議。

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"Creditors may organize a creditors' meeting to discuss and approve of a formula for the disposition and distribution of bankrupt property, or for a composition agreement."