高考備考寫(xiě)作專(zhuān)題1：三段式作文法

高考備考寫(xiě)作專(zhuān)題1

三段式作文法

重點(diǎn)詮釋：

所謂三段式就是將一篇書(shū)面表達(dá)按三段的寫(xiě)作模式謀篇布局。就整體篇章結(jié)構(gòu)而言，如何把握較大的寫(xiě)作空間，三段式的寫(xiě)作模式為最佳選擇。三段式的模式寫(xiě)法通常為：

1．第一段開(kāi)門(mén)見(jiàn)山，提出要解決的問(wèn)題或觀點(diǎn)，或者把時(shí)間，地點(diǎn)，人物和主要事件及時(shí)點(diǎn)出。

2．第二段要擺出事實(shí)或提出論據(jù)，或者把事情發(fā)展的經(jīng)過(guò)詳細(xì)寫(xiě)出來(lái)。

3．最后一段，得出結(jié)論或理由。

注意：要學(xué)會(huì)使用過(guò)渡詞。過(guò)渡詞猶如“橋梁”和“粘合劑 ”。恰當(dāng)?shù)厥褂眠^(guò)渡詞可避免結(jié)構(gòu)松散，層次分明，表意不清等弊端，使文章條理清楚，文字連貫流暢。常用的過(guò)渡詞有：

遞進(jìn)型： also, (and)besides, what’s more, moreover, furthermore, in addition, even, what’s worse, worse still, to make matters worse, for the worse, not only…but also等；

解釋型：that is (to say), in other words, or, namely, if fact, in reality, as a matter of fact等；

轉(zhuǎn)折型：however, but, yet, nevertheless, instead, on the contrary,on the other hand 等；

列舉型：firstly…secondly…finally, on the one hand, on the other hand, for one thing, for another 等

舉例型：for example, for instance, such as, that is, like, take… for example等；

因果型：because (of), since, now that, thanks to, due to; thus, therefore, as a result (consequence),so… that, so that等；

讓步型：though, although, in spite of, despite 等；

順序型：first…next…and then…finally, first…then…after that…finally 等；

并列型：and, both…and, or, either…or, as well as, 等

時(shí)間型：afterwards, soon, later, the moment/ immediately/ on doing, hardly…when, no sooner…than 等

總結(jié)型：in a word, to sum up, in short, on the whole, in conclusion 等

見(jiàn)解型：in my opinion, personally speaking, as far as I am concerned,I’m sure 等

條件型：if, as long as, so long as, on condition that , unless 等

寫(xiě)作典例：

假設(shè)你是李越，你的加拿大筆友Steve來(lái)信說(shuō)，他和他的一些同學(xué)正在學(xué)中文，請(qǐng)你推薦兩本學(xué)中文的詞典。根據(jù)下表提供的信息，請(qǐng)你給他寫(xiě)一封回信。

注意：

1. 詞數(shù)：100左右；

2．參考詞匯：推薦recommend; 英漢詞典The English-Chinese Dictionary (ECE);
新華字典 Xinhua Dictionary (XD)

Dear Steve,

_________________________________________________

_________________________________________________

Yours

Li Yue

分析：此篇書(shū)面表達(dá)屬于實(shí)物說(shuō)明文，其篇章結(jié)構(gòu)可按三段式進(jìn)行寫(xiě)作。本文的第一段，可用直接的敘述“I’m so pleased to learn that you and your classmates are learning Chinese”.正文即可作為第二段，其主要內(nèi)容是對(duì)兩本詞典的一些介紹。結(jié)束語(yǔ)即可作為第三段。應(yīng)將兩本詞典的特點(diǎn)表達(dá)準(zhǔn)確，以便加拿大筆友Steve作出合理選擇。表達(dá)時(shí)，文章的基本時(shí)態(tài)可考慮用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)。

范文：

Dear Steve,

I’m so pleased to learn that you and your classmates are learning Chinese.

I’d like to recommend the following two dictionaries.The English-Chinese Dictionary is really a good one for beginners. It has 18,000 English words and 20,000 Chinese words, besides plenty of examples, it has many notes telling you how to use a word. Xinhua Dictionary is the most popular Chinese dictionary, and it has a vocabulary fo 10,000 words. It may also be useful to some advanced learners of Chinese. Of the two, ECD is more expensive. It costs 52 yuan,and XD costs 11 yuan.
Please let me know if you want me to buy one for you.

Yours,

Li Yue