動(dòng)詞和短語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞

第一部分 七年高考題薈萃

2011年高考題

1. (2011全國(guó)卷,34) William found it increasingly difficult to read, for his eyesight was beginning to ______.
ear

答案：C

解析：考查動(dòng)詞的辨析。disappear消失，不復(fù)存在；fall降落，跌倒，降低；fail (指健康)衰退, 衰弱；damage損害, 毀壞, 加害于。句意為“William 發(fā)現(xiàn)閱讀越來(lái)越困難了，因?yàn)樗囊暳﹂_始衰退了?！薄癷ncreasingly difficult越來(lái)越困難”是個(gè)漸進(jìn)的過(guò)程，故選C。

2.(2011全國(guó)卷II,10) Mary, I ______ John of his promise to help you.
A. told B. reminded C. warned D. advised

答案：B

解析：考查動(dòng)詞的辨析。句意為“瑪麗，我已經(jīng)提醒約翰注意他幫助你的承諾了。”remind… of… 就…提醒(某人)，使(某人)想起…；warn含有警告的意思。

3.（2011天津卷,6）I ______ a bank account after I made﹩1,000 by doing a part-time job during the summer vacation.
ed d d

答案：B

解析：考查動(dòng)詞的辨析。句意為“暑假兼職打工掙了1000美元后，我在銀行開了帳戶?！眔pen a bank account在銀行開帳戶。

4.（2011江蘇卷,28）——Are you still mad at her?
——Not really, but I can’t ______ that her remarks hurt me.
A．deny B．refuse C．reject D．decline

答案：A

解析：考查動(dòng)詞的辨析。句意為“——你還生她的氣嗎？——不見得，但是我不否認(rèn)她的話傷害了我?！眃eny否認(rèn)，否定；refuse，reject ，decline都是拒絕的意思。not deny無(wú)法否認(rèn)。故選A。

5.（2011福建卷,28）I’d prefer to ______ my judgement until I find all the evidence.
B. express e

答案：D

解析：考查動(dòng)詞的辨析。句意為“我寧愿保留我的判斷直到我發(fā)現(xiàn)所有的證據(jù)。”reserve預(yù)訂或保留(座位、住處等)， 推遲，留到以后，與后面的until相一致。

6.（2011安徽卷,21）As the story______, the truth about the strange figure is slowly discovered.
A. begins B. happens C. ends D. develops

答案：D

解析：考查動(dòng)詞的辨析。句意為“隨著故事的展開，這個(gè)神秘?cái)?shù)字的真相漸漸地被解開了?！?br> develop開發(fā), 發(fā)展，把(主題或情節(jié))逐步展現(xiàn)出來(lái)。根據(jù)句意選D。

7.（2011湖北卷,26）Knowledge and learning are important if we want to be successful, but they may also _____ our thinking.
A. direct B. limit C. change D. improve

答案：B

解析：考查動(dòng)詞的辨析。句意為“如果我們想要獲得成功，知識(shí)和學(xué)習(xí)很重要。但是它們或許會(huì)限制我們的思維?！眃irect指示, 指引，導(dǎo)演（戲劇或電影）；指揮（管弦樂(lè)隊(duì)）；limit限制；change改變；improve改進(jìn)，改善。根據(jù)句中but的轉(zhuǎn)折，選B。

8.（2011湖北卷,27）The minister said. “We are ready for discussions with any legal parties, but we’ll never_______ with criminals.”
A. negotiate B. quarrel C. argue D. consult

答案：A

解析：考查動(dòng)詞的辨析。negotiate談判；quarrel吵架，爭(zhēng)吵；argue辯論，爭(zhēng)辯；consult商議,咨詢。句意為“部長(zhǎng)說(shuō)：‘我們?cè)敢馀c任何合法黨派進(jìn)行討論，但我們決不與犯罪分子談判?！备鶕?jù)句意選A。

9.（2011湖北卷,28）Clinical evidence began to__________, suggesting that the new drugs had a wider range of useful activities than had been predicted from experiments in animals.
A. operate B. strenghten C. approve D. accumulate

答案：D

解析：考查動(dòng)詞的辨析。句意為“不斷增加的臨床證據(jù)表明：比起原先從動(dòng)物實(shí)驗(yàn)中所得到的預(yù)計(jì)，這些新藥具有更加廣泛有用性?！眔perate手術(shù)，操作；strenghten加強(qiáng)；approve贊成；accumulate積累，（數(shù)量）逐漸增加。故選D。

10.(2011遼寧卷,22) What are you doing out of bed, Tom? You're ______ to be asleep. ,
A. supposed B. known C. thought D. considered

答案：A

解析：考查動(dòng)詞的辨析。句意為“Tom，你不睡覺(jué)做什么？你現(xiàn)在應(yīng)該睡覺(jué)?！眔ut of bed未上床，起床的意思，be supposed to do應(yīng)當(dāng)，應(yīng)該。
11.(2011遼寧卷,24) You are old enough to ______ your own living.
B. gain C. take D. earn

答案：D

解析：考查動(dòng)詞的辨析。句意為“你長(zhǎng)大了，可以自謀生路了。”earn one’s living 謀生，固定搭配。

12. (2011全國(guó)卷,26) I can ______ the house being untidy, but I hate it if it’s not clean.
A. come up with up with C. turn to to

答案：B

解析：考查短語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞的辨析。句意為“房子里東西凌亂我能忍，但是臟我討厭?！眂ome up with想出, 提出；put up with 忍受, 容忍；turn to轉(zhuǎn)向，翻書到，求助于，(使)變成；stick to堅(jiān)持，緊跟，粘住，忠于。不整潔的;凌亂的

13.（2011天津卷,8）She ______ an old friend of hers yesterday while she was shopping at the department store.
down with after across

?答案：D

解析：考查短語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞的辨析。句意為“昨天在百貨商店購(gòu)物時(shí)，她遇上了她的老朋友。”turn down拒絕；deal with對(duì)付，處理；take after 長(zhǎng)得像，性格類似于，效仿；come across穿過(guò), 越過(guò)，偶然遇見。

14.(2011山東卷,25) They are broadening the bridge to ______ the flow of traffic.
A. put off B. speed up C. turn on D. work out

答案：B

解析：考查短語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞的辨析。句意為“他們正在拓寬橋梁以加快交通流量。”put off推遲；speed up加快；turn on打開（水、電視、收音機(jī)、燈、煤氣等），(使)感興趣; (使)興奮；work out算出，實(shí)現(xiàn)。拓寬橋梁的目的是加快交通流量，故選B。

15.（2011江蘇卷,30）——You look upset. What’s the matter？
—— I had my proposal _______ again.
A．turned over B．turned on C．turned off D．turned down

答案：D

解析：考查短語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞的辨析。句意為“——你看上去不高興，怎么啦？——我的建議又遭到拒絕了。”turn over翻身，翻轉(zhuǎn)，把……移交；turn on打開（水、電視、收音機(jī)、燈、煤氣等），(使)感興趣; (使)興奮；turn off關(guān)掉（電器、水龍頭等），使厭煩；turn down關(guān)?。ㄒ袅康龋?，拒絕。根據(jù)句意選D。

16.（2011福建卷,31）Born into a family with three brothers, David was ______ to value the sense of sharing.
t up down after back

答案：A

解析：考查短語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞的辨析。句意為“出身在一個(gè)三兄弟家庭，David受到了要看重與人分享的教育。”bring up教育，養(yǎng)育(孩子)，嘔吐(食物)；turn down關(guān)?。ㄒ袅康龋芙^；look after照顧；hold back阻礙，抑制，隱瞞。

17.（2011安徽卷, 34）If you ______ faults but you still want the bicycle, ask the shop assistant to reduce the price.
A. come across B. care about C. look for D. focus upon

答案：A

解析：考查短語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞的辨析。句意為“如果你發(fā)現(xiàn)這輛自行車有毛病但還是想要，你就要求這家商店的營(yíng)業(yè)員減價(jià)?！眂ome across偶然遇到；care about關(guān)心，在乎；look for尋找；focus upon專注于。

18.(2011浙江卷,6) The school isn’t the one I really wanted to go to ,but I suppose I’ll just have to ______it,
A. make the best of B. get away from C. keep an eye on D. catch up with
答案：A

解析：考查短語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞的辨析。句意為“這所學(xué)校并不是我原來(lái)真正想去的，但我現(xiàn)在想盡量好好利用它了?！眒ake the best of充分利用，盡量好好去做；get away from逃離；keep an eye on照看,，留心; 注意；catch up with追上，趕上。對(duì)照現(xiàn)在和過(guò)去對(duì)學(xué)校態(tài)度的變化，選A。

19.(2011浙江卷,12) He decided that he would drive all the way home instead of ______at a hotel for the night.
A. putting down B. putting off C. putting on D. putting up

答案：D

解析：考查短語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞的辨析。句意為“他決定一路駕車回家，不在旅館留宿?！眕ut down放下，平定, 鎮(zhèn)壓，記下；put off推遲；put on穿上，戴上，上演，假裝，增加；put up舉起，建立，張貼，投宿。根據(jù)句意選D。

20.（2011四川卷,7）To get a better grade, you should ______the notes again before the test.
A. go over B. get over C. turn over D. take over

答案：A

解析：考查短語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞的辨析。句意為“為了獲得好成績(jī)，你應(yīng)該在考試前好好復(fù)習(xí)這些筆記。”go over審查，復(fù)習(xí)，重溫從頭到尾檢查一遍；get over越過(guò)，完成，克服(困難)，從(疾病、失望、震驚等)中恢復(fù)過(guò)來(lái)；turn over翻身，翻轉(zhuǎn)，把……移交；take over接管; 接替。

21.（2011四川卷,14）I often ______ the words I don’t know in the dictionary or on the lnternet.
up at C. look for into

答案：A

解析：考查短語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞的辨析。句意為“我經(jīng)常在字典里或網(wǎng)上查我所不懂的單詞?！眑ook up查（單詞、電話號(hào)碼等）；look at看，注視(某人或某物)；look for尋找；look into深入地檢查，研究，調(diào)查。

22.（2011陜西卷,25）Some insects ______ the colour of their surroundings to protect themselves.
A. take in B. take off C. take on D. take out

答案：C

解析：考查短語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞的辨析。take in吸收，欺騙；take off拿走, 取下，脫去（衣服等），起飛；take on承擔(dān)，呈現(xiàn)，雇用；take out把…帶出去，清除, 除掉。句意為“一些昆蟲為了保護(hù)自己，讓自己的體色與其周圍環(huán)境的顏色相似?！?/p>

23.（2011湖北卷,29） The government has taken measures to ______ the high prices of daily goods to keep the market stable.
A. take down B. bring down C. hand down D. tear down

答案：B

解析：考查短語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞的辨析。句意為“政府已經(jīng)采取措施來(lái)降低日常生活用品的價(jià)格以保持市場(chǎng)的穩(wěn)定?！眛ake down拆卸，記錄，記下；bring down 使(某物或某人)掉下〔倒下〕， 擊敗，降(價(jià))；hand down把…傳遞下來(lái)，遺留; 流傳；tear down拆毀; 拆卸。根據(jù)后面的“保持市場(chǎng)的穩(wěn)定”選B。

24.(2011遼寧卷,26) The exam results will be ______ on Friday afternoon.

A. put down B. put off C. put up D. put away

答案：C

解析：考查短語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞的辨析。句意為“考試結(jié)果將在星期五下午公布?！眕ut down放下，平定, 鎮(zhèn)壓，記下；put off推遲；put up舉起，建立，張貼，投宿；put away放好，儲(chǔ)存，拋棄。根據(jù)句意選C。

25.（2011江西卷35）You can’t predict everything. Often things don’t ______ as you expect.
out out out D. put out.

答案：C

解析：考查短語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞的辨析。run out 耗盡；break out 打破；work out 算出，實(shí)現(xiàn)；put out 撲滅。句意為“你無(wú)法預(yù)言一切。事情常常不會(huì)像你期待的那樣實(shí)現(xiàn)。”選C。