【讀書筆記】《沉思錄》卷七07
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?本書簡(jiǎn)介：
《沉思錄》是古羅馬皇帝奧勒留寫給自己的書，內(nèi)容大部分是他在鞍馬勞頓中寫成的。作品來自奧勒留對(duì)身羈宮廷的自己和自己所處混亂世界的感受，追求一種冷靜而達(dá)觀的生活。這部著作是斯多葛學(xué)派的一個(gè)里程碑，亦是溫總理放在枕邊，讀了不下百遍的書。
本書原文由古希臘文而作，英文版選擇比較權(quán)威的George Long的版本，中文版選擇何懷宏的版本作參考。筆記中的英文釋義摘自《牛津高階英漢雙解詞典》
?作者簡(jiǎn)介：
馬可?奧勒留（Marcus Aurelius，公元121—180年），著名的“帝王哲學(xué)家”，古羅馬帝國(guó)皇帝，在希臘文學(xué)和拉丁文學(xué)、修辭、哲學(xué)、法律、繪畫方面受過很好的教育，晚期斯多葛學(xué)派代表人物之一。奧勒留也許是西方歷史上唯一的一位哲學(xué)家皇帝。他是一個(gè)比他的帝國(guó)更加完美的人，他的勤奮工作最終并沒有能夠挽救古羅馬，但是他的《沉思錄》卻成為西方歷史上的偉大名著。
卷七07
7.25?Where any work can be done conformably to the reason which is common to gods and men, there we have nothing to fear: for where we are able to get profit by means of the activity which is successful and proceeds according to our constitution, there no harm is to be suspected.
7.26?Everywhere and at all times it is in thy power piously to acquiesce in thy present condition, and to behave justly to those who are about thee, and to exert thy skill upon thy present thoughts, that nothing shall steal into them without being well examined.
?Notes：?
acquiesce?[intransitive] ~ (in/to something) (formal)?to accept something without arguing, even if you do not really agree with it
7.27?Do not look around thee to discover other men's ruling principles, but look straight to this, to what nature leads thee, both the universal nature through the things which happen to thee, and thy own nature through the acts which must be done by thee. But every being ought to do that which is according to its constitution; and all other things have been constituted for the sake of rational beings, just as among irrational things the inferior for the sake of the superior, but the rational for the sake of one another.
7.28?The prime principle then in man's constitution is the social. And the second is not to yield to the persuasions of the body, for it is the peculiar office of the rational and intelligent motion to circumscribe itself, and never to be overpowered either by the motion of the senses or of the appetites, for both are animal; but the intelligent motion claims superiority and does not permit itself to be overpowered by the others. And with good reason, for it is formed by nature to use all of them. The third thing in the rational constitution is freedom from error and from deception. Let then the ruling principle holding fast to these things go straight on, and it has what is its own.
?先嘗試自己翻譯一下吧，參考譯文見下：
中文翻譯：
7.25?在任何工作都能按照符合于神和人的理性做出的地方，也沒有任何東西值得我們害怕，因?yàn)槲覀兡軌蛲ㄟ^按我們的結(jié)構(gòu)成功并繼續(xù)進(jìn)行的活動(dòng)而使自己得益，而在這種地方，無疑不會(huì)有任何傷害。
7.26?在任何場(chǎng)合的時(shí)候，這些都是在你的力量范圍之內(nèi)的：虔誠地默認(rèn)你現(xiàn)在的條件；公正地對(duì)待你周圍的人；努力地完善你現(xiàn)在的思想技藝，未經(jīng)好好考察不讓任何東西潛入思想之中。
7.27?你不要環(huán)顧四周以發(fā)現(xiàn)別人的指導(dǎo)原則，而要直接注意那引導(dǎo)你的本性，注意那通過對(duì)你發(fā)生的事而表現(xiàn)的宇宙的本性和通過必須由你做的行為而表現(xiàn)的你的本性。而每一在都應(yīng)當(dāng)做合乎它的結(jié)構(gòu)的事情，所有別的事物都是為了理性存在物而被構(gòu)成的，在無理性的事物中低等事物是為了高等事物而存在的，但理性動(dòng)物是彼此為了對(duì)方而存在的。
7.28?那么在人的結(jié)構(gòu)中首要的原則就是友愛的原則。其次是不要屈服于身體的引誘。因?yàn)樯眢w只是有理性者和理智活動(dòng)確定自己范圍的特殊場(chǎng)所；不要被感官或嗜欲的運(yùn)動(dòng)壓倒，因?yàn)檫@兩者都是動(dòng)物的，而理智活動(dòng)卻要取得一種至高無上性，不允許自己被其他運(yùn)動(dòng)所凌駕。保持健全的理性，因?yàn)樗焐菫榱诉\(yùn)用所有事物而形成的。在理性結(jié)構(gòu)中的第三件事是：擺脫錯(cuò)誤和欺騙。那么緊緊把握這些原則的支配能力正直地行進(jìn)，它就能得到屬它所有的。