【讀書筆記】《沉思錄》卷五03
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?本書簡介：
《沉思錄》是古羅馬皇帝奧勒留寫給自己的書，內(nèi)容大部分是他在鞍馬勞頓中寫成的。作品來自奧勒留對身羈宮廷的自己和自己所處混亂世界的感受，追求一種冷靜而達(dá)觀的生活。這部著作是斯多葛學(xué)派的一個(gè)里程碑，亦是溫總理放在枕邊，讀了不下百遍的書。
本書原文由古希臘文而作，英文版選擇比較權(quán)威的George Long的版本，中文版選擇何懷宏的版本作參考。筆記中的英文釋義摘自《牛津高階英漢雙解詞典》
?作者簡介：
馬可?奧勒留（Marcus Aurelius，公元121—180年），著名的“帝王哲學(xué)家”，古羅馬帝國皇帝，在希臘文學(xué)和拉丁文學(xué)、修辭、哲學(xué)、法律、繪畫方面受過很好的教育，晚期斯多葛學(xué)派代表人物之一。奧勒留也許是西方歷史上唯一的一位哲學(xué)家皇帝。他是一個(gè)比他的帝國更加完美的人，他的勤奮工作最終并沒有能夠挽救古羅馬，但是他的《沉思錄》卻成為西方歷史上的偉大名著。
卷五03
5.5?Things are in such a kind of envelopment that they have seemed to philosophers, not a few nor those common philosophers, altogether unintelligible; nay even to the Stoics themselves they seem difficult to understand. And all our assent is changeable; for where is the man who never changes? Carry thy thoughts then to the objects themselves, and consider how short-lived they are and worthless, and that they may be in the possession of a filthy wretch or a whore or a robber. Then turn to the morals of those who live with thee, and it is hardly possible to endure even the most agreeable of them, to say nothing of a man being hardly able to endure himself. In such darkness then and dirt and in so constant a flux both of substance and of time, and of motion and of things moved, what there is worth being highly prized or even an object of serious pursuit, I cannot imagine. But on the contrary it is a man's duty to comfort himself, and to wait for the natural dissolution and not to be vexed at the delay, but to rest in these principles only: the one, that nothing will happen to me which is not conformable to the nature of the universe; and the other, that it is in my power never to act contrary to my god and daemon: for there is no man who will compel me to this.
?Notes：
filthy [adj] 1. very dirty and unpleasant
? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? 2. very rude and offensive and usually connected with sex.
? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? 3. (informal) showing anger
? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? 4. cold and wet
flux [n] 1. continuous movement and change
? ? ? ? ? ? 2. a flow; an act of flowing
vex [v]?to annoy or worry somebody
5.6?About what am I now employing my own soul? On every occasion I must ask myself this question, and inquire, what have I now in this part of me which they call the ruling principle? And whose soul have I now? That of a child, or of a young man, or of a feeble woman, or of a tyrant, or of a domestic animal, or of a wild beast?
?Notes：
tyrant [n] a person who has complete power in a country and uses it in a cruel and unfair way
?先嘗試自己翻譯一下吧，參考譯文見下：
中文翻譯：
5.5?事物是在如此一種包圍之中，以致在哲學(xué)家們（不是少數(shù)的也不是那些普通的哲學(xué)家）看來是完全不可解的，甚至對斯多亞派哲學(xué)家本身來說也是難于理解的。所有我們的同意都在變動不居之中，從不改變的人哪兒有呢？那么把你的思想帶到對象本身，考慮它們的存在是多么短促而無價(jià)值吧，它們可能是為一個(gè)卑鄙的可憐蟲，或一個(gè)娼妓、一個(gè)強(qiáng)盜所占有。然后再想想那些和你生活在一起的人們的道德水平，即使容忍他們中最令人愉悅的人也是幾乎不可能的，更不必說容忍一個(gè)幾乎不能容忍自己的人了。那么在如此的黑暗和骯臟中，在如此不斷流動的實(shí)體和時(shí)間、運(yùn)動和被推動的物體的急流中，有什么值得高度贊揚(yáng)甚或值得認(rèn)真追求的對象呢？我想像不出有這樣的對象。反之，順應(yīng)自身，等待自然的分解，為為延緩而煩惱，卻是一個(gè)人的義務(wù)，但僅僅使你在這些中得到安寧吧：一是對我發(fā)生的一切事情都是符合宇宙的本性的；二是決不違反我身外和身內(nèi)的神而行動是在我的力量范圍之內(nèi)，因?yàn)闆]有人將迫使我違反。
5.6?我現(xiàn)在要把我自己的靈魂用于什么事情上呢？在任何場合我都必須問自己這個(gè)問題，我在我的這一被稱為支配原則的部分中擁有什么呢？我現(xiàn)在擁有誰的靈魂呢？是一個(gè)孩子的靈魂？抑或一個(gè)年青人、一個(gè)軟弱的婦人、一個(gè)暴君、一個(gè)家畜、一個(gè)野獸的靈魂？