講解

>貓頭鷹的引言【隱形模板】：起段三句話

1. 把答題的立場(chǎng)作為主題。第一句申論主題。

2. 把主題范圍縮小為焦點(diǎn)。第二句集中焦點(diǎn)。

3. 把焦點(diǎn)分兩個(gè)支點(diǎn)招牌。第三句話分兩頭。（一頭到中體承段，一頭到中體轉(zhuǎn)段）

>貓頭鷹論【綠色經(jīng)濟(jì)】：Environment vs. Economy （真題No。01）

Do you agree or disagree with the following statement??The government should focus more on environmental problems and less on economic development. Discuss both views and give your own opinion.?Use specific reasons and examples to support your opinion.

如何打造開(kāi)頭三句話？其實(shí)引言并沒(méi)有固定的寫(xiě)法。除非是抄襲，佛則不可能出現(xiàn)同樣的句子。就算是同一個(gè)人寫(xiě)的，也不至于每次都一樣。再說(shuō)，答題的立場(chǎng)不同，主題也就不同。即使主題類似而焦點(diǎn)不同，結(jié)果還是千變?nèi)f化。即使焦點(diǎn)類似，跟著來(lái)的論證內(nèi)容也是因人而異。寫(xiě)作好玩，這是部分原因。

>不推薦鸚鵡寫(xiě)法：因?yàn)楹孟裨S多烤鴨一樣的模仿，所以毫不新鮮引人。不是不可以，不過(guò)與高分絕緣。

猜得到鸚鵡也許這么寫(xiě)引言：（網(wǎng)友請(qǐng)不要笑也請(qǐng)不要學(xué)鸚鵡叫。鸚鵡寫(xiě)作雖然照樣可以過(guò)關(guān)留學(xué)，只是成績(jī)并不理想。）

缺點(diǎn)? （沒(méi)有立場(chǎng)）：1. Nowadays, there is a heated debate?on opposing views?between?environmental protection?and economic development.

缺點(diǎn)? （沒(méi)有焦點(diǎn)）：2. Some people argue that the government should focus more on environmental problems, while others think to the contrary.

缺點(diǎn)（沒(méi)有招牌）：3. Before giving my own opinion, these two perspectives?will be analyzed in detail?as follows.

>夜貓子批評(píng)鸚鵡這三點(diǎn)：

1. 主題--你為什么不提出立場(chǎng)回答問(wèn)題呢？沒(méi)有立場(chǎng)也就沒(méi)有主題。建議你最好直截了當(dāng)?shù)纳暾撝黝}，少賣關(guān)子。

2. 焦點(diǎn)--你看，沒(méi)有主題的結(jié)果是讀者（考官）不可能知道你答題的立場(chǎng)，等于還沒(méi)有回答問(wèn)題。再說(shuō)，缺少主題的焦點(diǎn)也等于擴(kuò)大話題，只怕以后難以自圓其說(shuō)。

3. 招牌--動(dòng)手之前，先要立即想一想心圖大綱【起承轉(zhuǎn)合】。告訴自己也告訴讀者：你在中體段落要證明什么？所以在引言起段中肯定需要從焦點(diǎn)里預(yù)表兩個(gè)招牌（topic sentence），一個(gè)招牌引出承段的論證，一個(gè)則引出轉(zhuǎn)段的論證。真擔(dān)心你可能會(huì)中途忘路之遠(yuǎn)近，糊里糊涂地迷失跑題。

鸚鵡請(qǐng)別生氣，告訴你結(jié)論合段最好后應(yīng)起段的前呼。所謂起中有合，合中有起。你在引言起段說(shuō)廢話，難道結(jié)尾合段仍然說(shuō)廢話？

>鸚鵡聽(tīng)了很不高興，反問(wèn)貓頭鷹說(shuō)：夜貓子，大色盲，破嗓子，居然自作聰明。有本事就立刻舉出更好的三個(gè)例子，那我鸚鵡才會(huì)服了你，自認(rèn)倒霉學(xué)你做夜貓子，并卻答應(yīng)你練習(xí)以下60道練習(xí)題，做不完就晚上不睡覺(jué)，改白天才睡。

>貓頭鷹例子A：

申論主題：1. The government ought to give priority to ensuring a green economy that matters to everybody.

集中焦點(diǎn)：2. Economic development without such considerations as?pollution can cause serious?environmental damage, in turn?impairing the quality of life of present and future generations.

話分兩頭：3. Although this issue should involve everyone, it is up to the government to strike a balance between the demands of the economic progress and the need for protection of the environment.

>貓頭鷹例子B:

申論主題：1. Mainly due to the phenomenon of global warming, governments across the world?have been looking for?solutions to reduce pollution that causes what is known as the "greenhouse effect."

集中焦點(diǎn)：2. Inevitably, the environment-economy debate has its focus on vehicular pollution linking in particular to?an increasing use of private cars.

話分兩頭：3. The government is obliged to answer a question like this:??How?to persuade people to drive less--an environmental necessity--while also encouraging them to revive?the staggering economy by buying new cars in order to create more jobs??

>貓頭鷹例子C: ?

申論主題：1. The government should?place emphasis on?the?green policy and not to allow such environmental problems as pollution to deteriorate, while encouraging eco-friendly economic activities.

集中焦點(diǎn)：2. Air pollution, in particular from the use of private cars,?greatly?contributes to?the "greenhouse effect," known?to be?the main cause of climate change.

話分兩頭：3. Protecting the environment is of course everybody's business; however,?it depends on the government to?promote the economic?progress without compromising the public?well-being, now and in the future..