4.3 沒有進行時的動詞

1.表示狀態(tài)的動詞一般不能用進行時
表示狀態(tài)的動詞不能表示正在進行的動作,因此一般不能用進行時:
We feel great joy at the good news.我們聽到好消息非常高興。
I hope you have a good time on your trip.祝你旅途愉快。
I can't think why you did it.我不懂你為何做那件事。
I don't think she'll come.(=I think she will not come.)我想她不會來了。
【注意】 think當“想”的意思講時,可用進行時:
What are you thinking about? —I'm thinking about my lesson.你在想什么? ——我在想我的功課。
Be quiet. I'm thinking(=giving thought to a problem).安靜點,我正在思考(問題)。

當“擁有”講時
當have/has表示相對靜止的狀態(tài),也就是作“擁有”解釋時,不能用進行時態(tài):
He has plenty of money.他有很多錢。
He has a new car.他有一輛新車。
How many children have they? 他們有多少孩子?
但當have/has用作動態(tài)動詞,作“吃飯、開會以及玩得愉快等”解釋時,可用進行時:
You are having a good time,aren't you? 你玩得很開心,是吧?
We were having breakfast.我們正吃早餐。

動詞表示狀態(tài)時
be動詞表示狀態(tài)時不用進行時:
She is in Beijing.她在北京。
Is John in? 約翰在家嗎?
如不能說:
The trees are being green.
但是,be動詞作“顯示出某種樣子”解釋時,就能用于進行時,表示暫時性:
He was only being kind for the moment.他只是當時很熱心。
Your son is being very annoying this evening.你兒子今晚很煩人。
He is being a fool.(=is acting foolishly)他現(xiàn)在表現(xiàn)得很愚蠢。
Are you being straight with me? 你對我講的是實話嗎?
Jane is being a good girl today.(=is behaving well)簡今天表現(xiàn)得很好。
be動詞的進行時用法主要跟用作表語的形容詞的詞匯意義有關(guān)。常見的此類形容詞有ambitious(有雄心的),awkward(笨拙的),brave(勇敢的),careful(仔細的),careless(粗心的),clever(聰明的),cruel(殘忍的),enthusiastic(熱情的),extravagant(奢侈的),foolish(愚蠢的),friendly(友好的),funny(滑稽可笑的),good(好的),greedy(貪婪的),helpful(有益的),important(重要的),kind(友愛的),naughty(頑皮的),patient(耐心的),stubborn(頑固的),stupid(愚蠢的),talkative(健談的),thoughtful(考慮周到的),witty(機智的)。
請背誦常用的現(xiàn)在分詞:
play(游玩)—playing
study(學習)—studying
stop(停止)—stopping
cut(砍)—cutting
sit(坐)—sitting
run(跑)—running
swim(游泳)—swimming
live(?。猯iving
come(來)—coming
write(寫)—writing
make(做)—making
take(?。猼aking
arrive(到達)—arriving
drive(駕駛)—driving
move(移動)—moving
cook(烹飪)—cooking
look(看)—looking
speak(說)—speaking