第六章 省略

英語(yǔ)句子有時(shí)復(fù)雜難辨的另一個(gè)原因是由于句子中的某些成分被省略掉了。為了避免重復(fù)，增強(qiáng)所表達(dá)的意思的緊湊性、邏輯性和新穎性，常常把句子前部分已經(jīng)交代過的人、事或動(dòng)作在不影響語(yǔ)義內(nèi)容表達(dá)連貫的情況下，從句子后部分的成分中省略掉。省略一般出現(xiàn)在平行結(jié)構(gòu)的后半部分或各類從句中。被省略的部分大多是主語(yǔ)，謂語(yǔ)或者謂語(yǔ)的助動(dòng)詞等。


Exercise?

Clearly,protecting will come only through coordinated international efforts to control human population, stabilize the composition of the atmosphere, and preserve intact Earth's complex web of life.

When first given to individuals,animals, and places they were chosen carefully with a hope of endowing whatever was named with some sort of magic.

If you think as much of others as of yourself, you will not make any of these mistakes.


要點(diǎn)：to control....,stabilize...,and preserve...為三個(gè)并列的動(dòng)詞不定式,修飾efforts."stabilize"和'preserve"兩詞前省略"to"
譯文：很清楚,保護(hù)只有通過國(guó)際間的合作努力才能實(shí)現(xiàn),通過這些努力來控制人口,穩(wěn)定大氣結(jié)構(gòu),使地球上復(fù)雜的生物網(wǎng)完好無損.

要點(diǎn)：when引導(dǎo)的時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)從句中,主語(yǔ)是"they",即句子中的"names",謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞是"were given",為了避免重復(fù),與主句中相同的部分省略了.whatever引導(dǎo)的從句作動(dòng)名詞endowing的賓語(yǔ).
譯文:當(dāng)首次給人,動(dòng)物和地方取名時(shí),總要非常謹(jǐn)慎地進(jìn)行選擇,希望不管取的名字叫什么,都能為其賦予某種魔力.

要點(diǎn)：句中as much ....as連接的平行結(jié)構(gòu)有兩個(gè): think of others和(think) of yourself.在連詞as后面省略了與前半句相同的部分think.全句應(yīng)為: If you think of others as much as you think of yourself....
譯文：如果你像關(guān)心自己那樣去關(guān)心別人,你就不會(huì)犯這些錯(cuò)誤中的任何一種

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