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英譯漢第一篇

體育運(yùn)動(dòng)中的知識(shí)產(chǎn)權(quán)保護(hù)

參考內(nèi)容：World Intellectual Property Day 2019 “Reach for Gold: IP and Sports”

The World Intellectual Property Organization is the global forum for intellectual property policy, services, information and cooperation. On the 26th of April every year, we celebrate World Intellectual Property Day to learn about the role that intellectual property (IP) rights play in encouraging innovation and creativity. Each year we choose a theme that illustrates how important intellectual property is to society, the economy and to our everyday lives. The theme of this year's campaign is “Reach for Gold: IP and Sports.” Sports are not necessarily something that you would immediately associate with IP.

Today, thanks to advances in broadcasting and communications technologies, anyone, anywhere, can follow sporting action around the clock, tracking the performances of their favorite athletes and teams without leaving home. Previously, fans purchased a ticket to witness an event, in a stadium. Now, broadcasters make it possible for a global fan base to tune into and connect with a sporting event. Sports have become a multi-billion dollar global industry – one that generates investment in facilities, ?employs millions of people around the world, and entertains many more.

Business relationships built on IP rights help to secure the economic value of sports. This, in turn, stimulates growth of the industry by enabling sporting organizations to finance the events we savor, and by providing the means to promote sports development at the grassroots.

We look at how sports businesses use patents and designs to foster the development of new sports technologies, materials, training, and equipment to help improve athletic performance and engage fans worldwide.

We find out how trademarks and branding maximize commercial revenue from sponsorship, merchandising and licensing agreements. These revenues offset the cost of organizing world class events, such as the Olympic Games and World Cup series, and ensure that the value and integrity of these spectacular events are safeguarded.

This year’s World Intellectual Property Day campaign celebrates the positive role that intellectual property plays in encouraging sports, a wonderful range of pursuits in which human beings have always engaged and which enrich our lives in so many different ways.

英譯漢第二篇

聯(lián)合國(guó)教科文組織反暴力歧視

參考內(nèi)容: The Heart of education: learning to live together; selected papers presented at the 16th UNESCO-APEID International Conference

In today’s increasingly diverse societies, UNESCO continues to accomplish every day its fundamental humanist mission to support people in facing contemporary challenges, understanding each other, and working together to build lasting peace. UNESCO also helps to enable people to create and use knowledge for just, inclusive, resilient and democratic societies.（該段落來(lái)自UNESCO官網(wǎng)首頁(yè)）

漢譯英第一篇

城鄉(xiāng)融合發(fā)展

參考內(nèi)容：節(jié)選自——解讀《關(guān)于建立健全城鄉(xiāng)融合發(fā)展機(jī)制體系意見(jiàn)》

近日中共中央、國(guó)務(wù)院發(fā)布了《關(guān)于建立健全城鄉(xiāng)融合發(fā)展體制機(jī)制和政策體系的意見(jiàn)》。

根據(jù)《意見(jiàn)》，到2022年，城鄉(xiāng)融合發(fā)展體制機(jī)制初步建立。城鄉(xiāng)要素自由流動(dòng)的制度性通道要基本打通，除個(gè)別超大城市外的城市落戶限制要放開放寬，城鄉(xiāng)統(tǒng)一的建設(shè)用地市場(chǎng)要基本建成，農(nóng)村產(chǎn)權(quán)保護(hù)交易制度框架要基本形成。?

一、改革的目標(biāo)，是縮小城鄉(xiāng)發(fā)展差距和居民生活水平差距?

城鄉(xiāng)融合發(fā)展體制機(jī)制改革的總方針是堅(jiān)持農(nóng)業(yè)農(nóng)村優(yōu)先發(fā)展。改革抓手是協(xié)調(diào)推進(jìn)鄉(xiāng)村振興戰(zhàn)略和新型城鎮(zhèn)化戰(zhàn)略。改革目標(biāo)是縮小城鄉(xiāng)發(fā)展差距和居民生活水平差距。

二、改革的重點(diǎn)，是機(jī)制的改革尤其是農(nóng)村土地制度的改革
《意見(jiàn)》提出，健全農(nóng)業(yè)轉(zhuǎn)移人口市民化機(jī)制、建立城市人才入鄉(xiāng)激勵(lì)機(jī)制、改革完善農(nóng)村承包地制度、穩(wěn)慎改革農(nóng)村宅基地制度、建立集體經(jīng)營(yíng)性建設(shè)用地入市制度、健全財(cái)政投入保障機(jī)制、完善鄉(xiāng)村金融服務(wù)體系、建立工商資本入鄉(xiāng)促進(jìn)機(jī)制、建立科技成果入鄉(xiāng)轉(zhuǎn)化機(jī)制。

中國(guó)社會(huì)科學(xué)院學(xué)部委員張曉山指出，城鄉(xiāng)融合包括吸引各類城市人才返鄉(xiāng)創(chuàng)業(yè)就業(yè)，相應(yīng)的資源要素要重新配置，必然要引起產(chǎn)權(quán)結(jié)構(gòu)調(diào)整，涉及產(chǎn)權(quán)格局和集體經(jīng)濟(jì)組織未來(lái)發(fā)展方向。

《意見(jiàn)》還提出建立城鄉(xiāng)教育資源均衡配置機(jī)制、健全鄉(xiāng)村醫(yī)療衛(wèi)生服務(wù)體系、健全城鄉(xiāng)公共文化服務(wù)體系、完善城鄉(xiāng)統(tǒng)一的社會(huì)保險(xiǎn)制度、統(tǒng)籌城鄉(xiāng)社會(huì)救助體系、建立健全鄉(xiāng)村治理機(jī)制。

三、改革的初心，是使農(nóng)民真正得到實(shí)惠 ?

《意見(jiàn)》還提出建立城鄉(xiāng)教育資源均衡配置機(jī)制、健全鄉(xiāng)村醫(yī)療衛(wèi)生服務(wù)體系、健全城鄉(xiāng)公共文化服務(wù)體系、完善城鄉(xiāng)統(tǒng)一的社會(huì)保險(xiǎn)制度、統(tǒng)籌城鄉(xiāng)社會(huì)救助體系、建立健全鄉(xiāng)村治理機(jī)制。 ?

國(guó)務(wù)院發(fā)展研究中心農(nóng)村經(jīng)濟(jì)研究部部長(zhǎng)葉興慶日前在中國(guó)農(nóng)村經(jīng)濟(jì)形勢(shì)分析與預(yù)測(cè)研討會(huì)上表示，在提高城鎮(zhèn)化質(zhì)量上，需要深化城鎮(zhèn)戶籍制度改革，包括基本公共服務(wù)制度改革，甚至包括城市住房體系改革，讓進(jìn)城農(nóng)民能夠低成本地留下來(lái)和長(zhǎng)期生活下去。 ?

值得一提的是，《意見(jiàn)》還提出完善促進(jìn)農(nóng)民工資性收入增長(zhǎng)環(huán)境、健全農(nóng)民經(jīng)營(yíng)性收入增長(zhǎng)機(jī)制、建立農(nóng)民財(cái)產(chǎn)性收入增長(zhǎng)機(jī)制、強(qiáng)化農(nóng)民轉(zhuǎn)移性收入保障機(jī)制、強(qiáng)化打贏脫貧攻堅(jiān)戰(zhàn)體制機(jī)制。

漢譯英第二篇

城市生物多樣性

參考內(nèi)容：《中國(guó)園林》——城市生物多樣性 | 生物多樣是城市本應(yīng)具有的狀態(tài)

城市生物多樣性是指城市中生物的種類，包括植物、動(dòng)物和微生物的豐富程度。事實(shí)上，城市生物多樣性是保證城市生態(tài)平衡的基礎(chǔ)，是生態(tài)系統(tǒng)服務(wù)的保障，在調(diào)節(jié)城市氣候、維護(hù)水的自然循環(huán)和水源清潔、保持土壤肥力等方面均發(fā)揮著重要的作用。生物多樣的城市才有可能成為生態(tài)系統(tǒng)良好、運(yùn)轉(zhuǎn)平衡穩(wěn)定的城市。城市生物多樣性也與城市居民的生活和健康息息相關(guān)。

科學(xué)研究表明，與在鄉(xiāng)村長(zhǎng)大的人相比，童年在城市中度過(guò)的人更容易在特定的季節(jié)出現(xiàn)一些過(guò)敏癥狀。原因在于，鄉(xiāng)村的微生物遠(yuǎn)比城市的微生物多樣復(fù)雜，與在城市成長(zhǎng)的孩子相比，在鄉(xiāng)村生活的孩子接觸了更多的微生物，他們的免疫系統(tǒng)經(jīng)過(guò)與這些微生物的博弈，身體已經(jīng)適應(yīng)它們。而在城市中長(zhǎng)大的人卻沒(méi)有這樣的經(jīng)歷，在成年后，一旦遇到某些免疫系統(tǒng)從未接觸過(guò)或不認(rèn)識(shí)的微生物，就比較容易染病。?

城市生物多樣性的前提是復(fù)雜多樣的生境條件。盡管城市在不斷建設(shè)和擴(kuò)張中改變了土地原有的生態(tài)系統(tǒng)、水文狀況和地表結(jié)構(gòu)，城市中的自然空間既有限又破碎，但是要在一定程度上實(shí)現(xiàn)城市生物多樣性卻并非如我們想像的那樣困難重重。