人郵第二輯真題TEST 3 READING PART 2

REAL TRAINING FOR ALL-ACTION MANAGER

Learning by doing is familiar to every manager sent on a training course. Invariably this involves role-play based on studies of long-ago triumphs and disasters from a relevant industry ororganization. (8)____ The problem is, any experience of decision-making gained from role-play has one obvious shortcoming: it is not real life.

To tackle this dilemma, some of the best-known companies have set up the International Management Development Consortium, which provides a range of executive development programmes for staff members. (9)____ What this means is that they involve ‘a(chǎn)ction learning’ through real-life situations, and participants work as problem-solving consultants on projects within companies engaged in day-to-day business.

(10)____ Within this they also take training and refresher courses in traditional business skills such as finance, marketing, staff management and strategic planning. These disciplines are taught by a mix of academics, business people and senior managers from Consortium companies who also monitor the consultancy work.

More than 100 of these consultancy projects have been undertaken so far, and many more are to come. (11)____ Generally, those who choose to attend the course come from various countries, reflecting the multi-national nature of companies within the Consortium. (12)____ As a result of this cross-cultural exchange, the people on the course learn a great deal from each other- and often keep in contact on a professional level long after the end of their course.

The Consortium says language difficulties are not a problem when consultancies are undertaken for foreign companies on site. A translator is on hand to deal with difficulties which arise from technical terms or jargon.

(13)____ This is because they are not charged consultancy fees, although a nominal sum is payable for administration. The funding for the scheme is provided by each Consortium member who contributes to the cost of running the training courses, and the amount involved is considerably less than fees charged by leading business schools. (14)____ ‘it is,’ says the Chairman, ‘a(chǎn) real learning experience with techniques that can easily be used back at work..’

A They are being offered by companies who are aware of the benefits of the range of knowledge offered by the people on the course.

B As well as the savings, there are also the dividends it pays in the form of improved staff performance.

C The difference between these programmes and the average executive course, however, is that these courses are based on the concept of ‘live’consultancy.

D In this way, participants can also benchmark themselves against the best members from a range of Consortium companies.

E This means that within every training group there will be awide variety of experience, which is discussed and explored by the group.

F Typically, groups of up to six course members undertake projects as part of this development programme.

G Another major advantage is that these companies usually get their problems solved very cheaply.

H Managers are typically cast as key figures in these dramas, the comparisons are made later between how they dealt with the fictional situation and the actual event.

Real training，關(guān)于培訓(xùn)的。傳統(tǒng)的培訓(xùn)都是紙上談兵，現(xiàn)在有了real training，可以實(shí)戰(zhàn)。高級(jí)第二部分相對(duì)中級(jí)，文章難度大一些，答案信號(hào)也不那么明顯了。

第九題，這段說(shuō)建立了一個(gè)管理發(fā)展協(xié)會(huì)，提供一系列培訓(xùn)計(jì)劃。第九空后面的信息很重要：What this means is that they involve ‘a(chǎn)ction learning’through real-life situations。這意味著他們包括“action learning”，實(shí)際行動(dòng)的學(xué)習(xí)。從這個(gè)句子中的what可以看出前面空格講的是這個(gè)協(xié)會(huì)所提供的這一系列培訓(xùn)計(jì)劃的特點(diǎn)，提供實(shí)際的演練。C選項(xiàng)最符合這一特點(diǎn)：這些課程是建立在實(shí)踐咨詢（live consultancy）的基礎(chǔ)上的。

第十題，第三段開(kāi)頭的一個(gè)句子，第十空的后面說(shuō)Within this they also take training and refresher courses in traditional business skills，這里的within this很重要，從中可以看出第十空還是對(duì)這個(gè)training的內(nèi)容的介紹。F符合這個(gè)條件：每個(gè)成員都要負(fù)責(zé)一定的項(xiàng)目，作為發(fā)展計(jì)劃的一部分。Undertake projects，是培訓(xùn)的一部分，后面接著說(shuō)培訓(xùn)的另外內(nèi)容：also take training and refresher courses。前后文可以銜接上。

第十一題，開(kāi)頭一句話說(shuō)一共有超過(guò)100個(gè)咨詢項(xiàng)目被承接了，還有更多的在后面。這個(gè)題目比較明顯，既然提到了被承接的項(xiàng)目，后面很自然會(huì)接著對(duì)這個(gè)項(xiàng)目的一些情況作介紹，好比項(xiàng)目的來(lái)源、特點(diǎn)等等。如果選項(xiàng)中沒(méi)有符合這一條件的，就再參考后文。提供的選項(xiàng)中A是非常吻合的：它們都是被一些公司提供的。

第十二題，插在一段文字的中間，不上不下的。前面說(shuō)的是選擇了這些課程的人來(lái)自不同的國(guó)家（come from various countries），體現(xiàn)了跨國(guó)公司的性質(zhì)。12空空格的后面說(shuō)通過(guò)這種跨文化的交流（cross-culture exchange），參加這個(gè)課程的人可以互相學(xué)習(xí)。從后面的as a result of可以看出，前面12空講的是參加這個(gè)課程的人相互交流、溝通的情況（cross-culture exchange）。所以選E：每個(gè)培訓(xùn)小組里都有被討論和被探索的種類繁多的經(jīng)驗(yàn)（a wide variety of experience）。

第十三題，最后一段，是具體講的這個(gè)training的所有優(yōu)點(diǎn)，包括很方便的解決語(yǔ)言障礙、便宜、有紅利。第一句話說(shuō)language difficulties不是個(gè)問(wèn)題。后面接著說(shuō)的是原因：有個(gè)翻譯在手邊。（A translator is on hand），13空的后面說(shuō)他們不收取咨詢費(fèi)用，有個(gè)this is because是答案的信號(hào)，13空的內(nèi)容肯定和不收費(fèi)相關(guān)。G選項(xiàng)最符合這個(gè)條件：這個(gè)公司能夠讓這些問(wèn)題很便宜的得到解決。Another major advantage是接著前面的翻譯在手邊所說(shuō)的關(guān)于這個(gè)training的另外一個(gè)優(yōu)勢(shì)，cheaply則和后面的不收費(fèi)相對(duì)應(yīng)。

第十四題，這一空前面是在講述這種培訓(xùn)的第二個(gè)優(yōu)勢(shì)(advantage)，就是便宜。然后接著闡述了下便宜的原因。這一段的最后一句，也就是這一空的后面是全文的一個(gè)總結(jié)性的句子：這是一個(gè)真正的學(xué)習(xí)經(jīng)歷，學(xué)到的東西可以很容易的用回到實(shí)際工作中。那么綜合整段的內(nèi)容，14空內(nèi)容應(yīng)該是緊跟著上文接著說(shuō)這個(gè)training有什么優(yōu)點(diǎn)。B符合這個(gè)條件。首先B的as well as the saving，是指的上面說(shuō)的便宜，便宜才能有saving。然后提到這種training的另一個(gè)優(yōu)勢(shì)，就是有紅利（dividends）。